Mesas-Carrascosa Francisco-Javier, Notario García María Dolores, Meroño de Larriva Jose Emilio, García-Ferrer Alfonso
Department of Graphic Engineering and Geomatics, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Córdoba 14071, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2016 Nov 1;16(11):1838. doi: 10.3390/s16111838.
This article describes the configuration and technical specifications of a multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) using a red-green-blue (RGB) sensor for the acquisition of images needed for the production of orthomosaics to be used in archaeological applications. Several flight missions were programmed as follows: flight altitudes at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 m above ground level; two forward and side overlap settings (80%-50% and 70%-40%); and the use, or lack thereof, of ground control points. These settings were chosen to analyze their influence on the spatial quality of orthomosaicked images processed by Inpho UASMaster (Trimble, CA, USA). Changes in illumination over the study area, its impact on flight duration, and how it relates to these settings is also considered. The combined effect of these parameters on spatial quality is presented as well, defining a ratio between ground sample distance of UAV images and expected root mean square of a UAV orthomosaick. The results indicate that a balance between all the proposed parameters is useful for optimizing mission planning and image processing, altitude above ground level (AGL) being main parameter because of its influence on root mean square error (RMSE).
本文介绍了一种多旋翼无人机（UAV）的配置和技术规格，该无人机使用红-绿-蓝（RGB）传感器来获取用于考古应用中制作正射镶嵌图所需的图像。规划了几个飞行任务，如下所示：地面以上30、40、50、60、70和80米的飞行高度；两种前后和侧面重叠设置（80%-50%和70%-40%）；以及是否使用地面控制点。选择这些设置是为了分析它们对由Inpho UASMaster（美国加利福尼亚州天宝公司）处理的正射镶嵌图像的空间质量的影响。还考虑了研究区域内光照的变化、其对飞行持续时间的影响以及它与这些设置的关系。还展示了这些参数对空间质量的综合影响，定义了无人机图像的地面采样距离与无人机正射镶嵌图的预期均方根之间的比率。结果表明，所有提出的参数之间的平衡有助于优化任务规划和图像处理，由于其对均方根误差（RMSE）的影响，地面以上高度（AGL）是主要参数。
