Université de Versailles St- Quentin, U1179 INSERM, UFR des Sciences de la Santé - LIA BAHN CSM, France.
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Bern, Switzerland.
J Neuromuscul Dis. 2016 May 27;3(2):157-167. doi: 10.3233/JND-160146.
Oligonucleotide therapeutics hold great promise for the treatment of various diseases and the antisense field is constantly gaining interest due to the development of more potent and nuclease resistant chemistries. Despite a rather low success rate with only three antisense drugs being clinically approved, the frontiers of AON therapeutic applications have increased over the past three decades and continue to expand thanks to a steady increase in understanding the mechanisms of action of these molecules, progress in chemical modification and delivery.In this review, we will examine the recent advances obtained with the tricyclo-DNA chemistry which displays unique pharmacological properties and unprecedented uptake in many tissues after systemic administration. We will review their specific properties and their therapeutic applications mainly for neuromuscular disorders, including exon-skipping for Duchenne muscular dystrophy and exon-inclusion for spinal muscular atrophy, but also aberrant splicing correction for Pompe disease. Finally, we will discuss their advantages and potential limitations, with a focus on the need for careful toxicological screen early in the process of AON drug development.
寡核苷酸疗法在治疗各种疾病方面具有巨大的潜力,反义领域由于更有效和耐核酸酶的化学物质的发展而不断受到关注。尽管只有三种反义药物在临床上获得批准,成功率相当低,但在过去的三十年中,AON 治疗应用的前沿已经扩大,并继续扩大,这要归功于对这些分子作用机制的理解不断加深,化学修饰和递呈的进展。在这篇综述中,我们将研究三环 DNA 化学所获得的最新进展,这种化学物质具有独特的药理学特性,并在系统给药后在许多组织中表现出前所未有的摄取。我们将回顾它们的特定性质及其治疗应用,主要是用于神经肌肉疾病,包括用于杜氏肌营养不良症的外显子跳跃和用于脊髓性肌萎缩症的外显子包含,但也用于庞贝病的异常剪接纠正。最后,我们将讨论它们的优点和潜在的局限性,重点是需要在 AON 药物开发过程的早期进行仔细的毒理学筛选。