低收入和种族多样化儿童中父母社会支持与能量平衡相关行为的关联：一项横断面研究
Association of parental social support with energy balance-related behaviors in low-income and ethnically diverse children: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Heredia Natalia I, Ranjit Nalini, Warren Judith L, Evans Alexandra E
机构信息
Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, 7000 Fannin St, Suite 2576E, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX, USA.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2016 Nov 22;16(1):1182. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3829-8.
BACKGROUND
Parents play an important role in providing their children with social support for healthy eating and physical activity. However, different types of social support (e.g., instrumental, emotional, modeling, rules) might have different results on children's actual behavior. The purpose of this study was to assess the association of the different types of social support with children's physical activity and eating behaviors, as well as to examine whether these associations differ across racial/ethnic groups.
METHODS
We surveyed 1169 low-income, ethnically diverse third graders and their caregivers to assess how children's physical activity and eating behaviors (fruit and vegetable and sugar-sweetened beverage intake) were associated with instrumental social support, emotional social support, modeling, rules and availability of certain foods in the home. We used sequential linear regression to test the association of parental social support with a child's physical activity and eating behaviors, adjusting for covariates, and then stratified to assess the differences in this association between racial/ethnic groups.
RESULTS
Parental social support and covariates explained 9-13% of the variance in children's energy balance-related behaviors. Family food culture was significantly associated with fruit and vegetable and sugar-sweetened beverage intake, with availability of sugar-sweetened beverages in the home also associated with sugar-sweetened beverage intake. Instrumental and emotional support for physical activity were significantly associated with the child's physical activity. Results indicate that the association of various types of social support with children's physical activity and eating behaviors differ across racial/ethnic groups.
CONCLUSIONS
These results provide considerations for future interventions that aim to enhance parental support to improve children's energy balance-related behaviors.
背景
父母在为孩子提供促进健康饮食和体育活动的社会支持方面发挥着重要作用。然而，不同类型的社会支持（如工具性支持、情感支持、榜样示范、规则）可能对孩子的实际行为产生不同的影响。本研究的目的是评估不同类型的社会支持与孩子体育活动及饮食行为之间的关联，并检验这些关联在不同种族/族裔群体中是否存在差异。
方法
我们对1169名低收入、种族多样的三年级学生及其照顾者进行了调查，以评估孩子的体育活动及饮食行为（水果、蔬菜和含糖饮料摄入量）与工具性社会支持、情感性社会支持、榜样示范、规则以及家中某些食物的可获得性之间的关联。我们使用序贯线性回归来检验父母社会支持与孩子体育活动及饮食行为之间的关联，并对协变量进行调整，然后进行分层分析，以评估不同种族/族裔群体在这种关联上的差异。
结果
父母社会支持和协变量解释了孩子能量平衡相关行为中9%-13%的变异。家庭饮食文化与水果、蔬菜及含糖饮料的摄入量显著相关，家中含糖饮料的可获得性也与含糖饮料摄入量相关。对体育活动的工具性支持和情感支持与孩子的体育活动显著相关。结果表明，不同类型的社会支持与孩子体育活动及饮食行为之间的关联在不同种族/族裔群体中存在差异。
结论
这些结果为未来旨在加强父母支持以改善孩子能量平衡相关行为的干预措施提供了参考。
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