Agbor Valirie Ndip, Njim Tsi, Mbolingong Franklin Ngu
Hope Clinic Bamenda, North West Region, Bamenda, Cameroon.
Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK.
BMC Res Notes. 2016 Nov 22;9(1):493. doi: 10.1186/s13104-016-2303-0.
Schistosomiasis is a severe parasitic infestation with debilitating complications and is the third most devastating tropical disease in the world. It is one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) with a high disease-burden. We present two rare cases of bladder outlet obstruction: one which led to a chronic kidney disease and ultimately death and a second which recovered after treatment with praziquantel.
A 72 year old male presented with lower urinary tract symptoms which culminated in an episode of acute urinary retention. The patient had never received preventive chemotherapy with praziquantel. After suprapubic aspiration, the cause of the obstructive uropathy was found to be several mature live worms of Schistosoma haematobium. Despite treatment with praziquantel and haemodialysis; we lost the patient due to sepsis from a urinary tract infection. In the second case, a 15 year old male presented with LUTS for a 1 year duration and was diagnosed to have schistosomiasis after eggs of Schistosoma haematobium were found in his urine. He was treated with praziquantel.
There are several gaps in the public health policies in place to control this NTD in Cameroon as annual distribution of preventive chemotherapy is inadequate due to inaccessibility of some high-endemic zones and is based on data obtained two decades ago. Population education is insufficient leading to poor health-seeking behaviour. These gaps in public health policies need to be addressed to aid in the overall achievement of the sustainable development goals.
血吸虫病是一种严重的寄生虫感染，会引发使人虚弱的并发症，是世界上第三大致残性热带疾病。它是被忽视的热带疾病（NTDs）之一，疾病负担很高。我们报告两例罕见的膀胱出口梗阻病例：一例导致慢性肾病并最终死亡，另一例经吡喹酮治疗后康复。
一名72岁男性出现下尿路症状，最终导致急性尿潴留发作。该患者从未接受过吡喹酮预防性化疗。耻骨上穿刺抽吸后，发现梗阻性尿路病的病因是数条成熟的埃及血吸虫活虫。尽管进行了吡喹酮治疗和血液透析，但患者因尿路感染败血症而死亡。在第二例中，一名15岁男性出现下尿路症状1年，尿液中发现埃及血吸虫卵后被诊断为血吸虫病。他接受了吡喹酮治疗。
喀麦隆在控制这种被忽视的热带疾病的公共卫生政策方面存在一些差距，由于一些高流行地区难以到达，且基于二十年前获得的数据，预防性化疗的年度分配不足。人群教育不足导致就医行为不佳。需要解决这些公共卫生政策方面的差距，以帮助全面实现可持续发展目标。
