Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.
Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2017 Jan;28(1):7. doi: 10.1007/s10856-016-5817-z. Epub 2016 Nov 24.
Previous studies have shown that carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) could be oxidatively biodegraded by neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO). However, the biodegradation mechanism of nanotubes in macrophages has not been explored enough. Here, we showed that both MPO and ONOO could effectively oxidize SWCNTs to generate shorter and oxidative nanotubes in vitro. SWCNTs were significantly degraded in zymosan-stimulated macrophages, and the degradation mechanism was dependent on MPO and ONOO-driven oxidative pathways of activated macrophages, where NADPH oxidase was found to be a major determinant of the biodegradation process. Moreover, the functionalization of IgG to SWCNTs could stimulate MPO release and ONOO formation in macrophages, thereby creating the conditions favorable for degradation of nanotubes and subsequently contributing to the higher degradation degree of IgG-coated SWCNTs. Therefore, our discovery of NADPH oxidase-dependent SWCNTs degradation in activated macrophages will open new opportunities for the regulation of SWCNTs fate in vivo.
先前的研究表明，羧基化单壁碳纳米管（SWCNTs）可以被中性粒细胞髓过氧化物酶（MPO）和过氧亚硝酸盐（ONOO）氧化生物降解。然而，纳米管在巨噬细胞中的生物降解机制还没有被充分探索。在这里，我们表明 MPO 和 ONOO 都可以有效地将 SWCNTs 氧化为在体外生成更短和更具氧化性的纳米管。在酵母聚糖刺激的巨噬细胞中，SWCNTs 被显著降解，并且降解机制依赖于 MPO 和 ONOO 驱动的活化巨噬细胞的氧化途径，其中 NADPH 氧化酶被发现是生物降解过程的主要决定因素。此外，IgG 对 SWCNTs 的功能化可以刺激巨噬细胞中 MPO 的释放和 ONOO 的形成，从而为纳米管的降解创造有利条件，并随后导致 IgG 包覆的 SWCNTs 具有更高的降解程度。因此，我们在活化的巨噬细胞中发现的 NADPH 氧化酶依赖性 SWCNTs 降解，为调控体内 SWCNTs 命运开辟了新的机会。
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