Luan Mingda, Tang Ren-Jie, Tang Yumei, Tian Wang, Hou Congong, Zhao Fugeng, Lan Wenzhi, Luan Sheng
State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
J Exp Bot. 2017 Jun 1;68(12):3091-3105. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erw444.
Potassium (K) and phosphate (Pi) are both macronutrients essential for plant growth and crop production, but the unrenewable resources of phosphorus rock and potash have become limiting factors for food security. One critical measure to help solve this problem is to improve nutrient use efficiency (NUE) in plants by understanding and engineering genetic networks for ion uptake, translocation, and storage. Plants have evolved multiple systems to adapt to various nutrient conditions for growth and production. Within the NUE networks, transport proteins and their regulators are the primary players for maintaining nutrient homeostasis and could be utilized to engineer high NUE traits in crop plants. A large number of publications have detailed K+ and Pi transport proteins in plants over the past three decades. Meanwhile, the discovery and validation of their regulatory mechanisms are fast-track topics for research. Here, we provide an overview of K+ and Pi transport proteins and their regulatory mechanisms, which participate in the uptake, translocation, storage, and recycling of these nutrients in plants.
钾（K）和磷酸盐（Pi）都是植物生长和作物生产所必需的大量营养素，但磷矿和钾肥等不可再生资源已成为粮食安全的限制因素。帮助解决这一问题的一项关键措施是通过了解和构建离子吸收、转运和储存的遗传网络来提高植物的养分利用效率（NUE）。植物已经进化出多种系统来适应各种养分条件以实现生长和生产。在NUE网络中，转运蛋白及其调节因子是维持养分稳态的主要参与者，可用于培育具有高NUE性状的作物。在过去三十年中，大量出版物详细介绍了植物中的钾离子和磷酸盐转运蛋白。与此同时，对其调控机制的发现和验证是快速发展的研究课题。在这里，我们概述了钾离子和磷酸盐转运蛋白及其调控机制，它们参与了这些养分在植物中的吸收、转运、储存和循环利用。
