Ahm Malte, Thorndahl Søren, Nielsen Jesper E, Rasmussen Michael R
Aarhus Water Ltd., Bautavej 1, DK-8210 Aarhus V Denmark E-mail:
Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, Sofiendalsvej 9-11, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
Water Sci Technol. 2016 Dec;74(11):2683-2696. doi: 10.2166/wst.2016.361.
Combined sewer overflow (CSO) structures are constructed to effectively discharge excess water during heavy rainfall, to protect the urban drainage system from hydraulic overload. Consequently, most CSO structures are not constructed according to basic hydraulic principles for ideal measurement weirs. It can, therefore, be a challenge to quantify the discharges from CSOs. Quantification of CSO discharges are important in relation to the increased environmental awareness of the receiving water bodies. Furthermore, CSO discharge quantification is essential for closing the rainfall-runoff mass-balance in combined sewer catchments. A closed mass-balance is an advantage for calibration of all urban drainage models based on mass-balance principles. This study presents three different software sensor concepts based on local water level sensors, which can be used to estimate CSO discharge volumes from hydraulic complex CSO structures. The three concepts were tested and verified under real practical conditions. All three concepts were accurate when compared to electromagnetic flow measurements.
合流制溢流（CSO）结构的建造目的是在暴雨期间有效排放多余的水，以保护城市排水系统免受水力过载。因此，大多数CSO结构并非按照理想测量堰的基本水力原理建造。所以，量化CSO的排放量可能是一项挑战。CSO排放量的量化对于提高受纳水体的环境意识很重要。此外，CSO排放量化对于闭合合流制排水流域的降雨径流质量平衡至关重要。闭合的质量平衡对于基于质量平衡原理校准所有城市排水模型具有优势。本研究提出了三种基于局部水位传感器的不同软件传感器概念，可用于从水力复杂的CSO结构估计CSO排放量。这三种概念在实际条件下进行了测试和验证。与电磁流量测量相比，所有三种概念都很准确。
