Alford Lucy, Androdias Annabelle, Franco Thomas, Pierre Jean-Sébastien, Burel Françoise, van Baaren Joan
UMR 6553 ECOBIO, Université de Rennes I, Avenue du Général Leclerc, Rennes Cedex, France.
PLoS One. 2016 Dec 22;11(12):e0168693. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168693. eCollection 2016.
During parasitoid development, the immature parasitoid is confined to the host species. As a result, any potential to modify the physiology or behaviour of the host could play an important role in parasitoid fitness. The potential for host manipulation by the aphid parasitoid Aphidius avenae to increase cold thermotolerance was investigated using the aphid host species Metopolophium dirhodum and Sitobion avenae. Aphids were parasitized at L3/L4 instar stage (5 d old) and allowed to develop into pre-reproductive adults (10 d old) containing a 5 d old parasitoid larva. A control group was created of non-parasitized pre-reproductive adults (10 d old). The inherent physiological thermotolerance (LT50) and potential behavioural thermoregulation (behaviour in a declining temperature regime) of parasitized and non-parasitized aphids were investigated. Results revealed no effect of parasitism on the physiological thermotolerance of S. avenae and M. dirhodum. Significant differences in the behaviour of parasitized and non-parasitized aphids were observed, in addition to differences between host species, and such behaviours are discussed in view of the potential for host manipulation.
在寄生蜂发育过程中，未成熟的寄生蜂寄生于宿主物种体内。因此，任何改变宿主生理或行为的潜在能力都可能对寄生蜂的适应性发挥重要作用。利用蚜虫宿主物种麦长管蚜和禾谷缢管蚜，研究了燕麦蚜茧蜂操纵宿主以提高耐寒性的潜力。蚜虫在L3/L4龄期（5日龄）被寄生，并发育成含有5日龄寄生蜂幼虫的未成熟成虫（10日龄）。设立了一个由未被寄生的未成熟成虫（10日龄）组成的对照组。研究了被寄生和未被寄生蚜虫的固有生理耐热性（LT50）和潜在行为体温调节（在温度下降环境中的行为）。结果表明，寄生对禾谷缢管蚜和麦长管蚜的生理耐热性没有影响。除了宿主物种之间的差异外，还观察到被寄生和未被寄生蚜虫在行为上的显著差异，并结合宿主操纵的可能性对这些行为进行了讨论。
