School of Nursing, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
Nurs Crit Care. 2017 May;22(3):125-132. doi: 10.1111/nicc.12273. Epub 2016 Dec 22.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most prevalent infection in Intensive Care Units, with the highest mortality rate; crude mortality rates may be as high as 20-75%. Many practices such as prevention measures (e.g. hand washing, wearing gloves, suctioning, elevated head of bed between 30° and 45°) have demonstrated an effect of reducing the incidence of this infection.
To identify the level of nurses' knowledge of ventilator-associated pneumonia and prevention measures before an educational programme, identify the level of nurses' knowledge on ventilator-associated pneumonia and prevention post an educational programme and identify the reasons for not applying ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention measures among nurses in Jordan.
Pre- and post-intervention observational study.
Data based on a self-reported questionnaire from 428 nurses who worked in intensive care units were analysed. PowerPoint lectures, videos, printed materials and electronic materials were used in the intervention. Paired t-tests were used to test research questions.
More than three-quarters of nurses had a low knowledge level regarding pathophysiology, risk factors and ventilator-associated pneumonia preventative measures. Nurses showed significant improvements in mean scores on the knowledge level of ventilator-associated pneumonia and prevention measures after an educational programme (p < 0.05). The main reasons for not applying prevention measures were the lack of time and no followed protocols in the units.
Health education programmes about ventilator-associated pneumonia must be conducted among nurses in Jordan through continuous education.
Hospital and nursing administrators should be actively involved in educational programmes and in assuring support for continuing education. Protocol for ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention should be developed based on current evidence-based guidelines.
呼吸机相关性肺炎是重症监护病房中最常见的感染，死亡率最高；粗死亡率可能高达 20-75%。许多实践，如预防措施（例如洗手、戴手套、吸痰、将床头抬高至 30°至 45°之间）已证明可降低这种感染的发生率。
在教育计划之前确定护士对呼吸机相关性肺炎和预防措施的知识水平，确定教育计划后护士对呼吸机相关性肺炎和预防措施的知识水平，并确定约旦护士不应用呼吸机相关性肺炎预防措施的原因。
干预前后的观察性研究。
对在重症监护病房工作的 428 名护士进行了基于自我报告问卷的数据分析。干预措施中使用了幻灯片讲座、视频、印刷材料和电子材料。使用配对 t 检验来检验研究问题。
超过四分之三的护士对病理生理学、危险因素和呼吸机相关性肺炎预防措施的知识水平较低。护士在接受教育计划后，在呼吸机相关性肺炎和预防措施的知识水平上的平均得分显著提高（p<0.05）。不应用预防措施的主要原因是单位缺乏时间和没有遵循规定的方案。
必须通过持续教育在约旦的护士中开展有关呼吸机相关性肺炎的健康教育计划。
医院和护理管理人员应积极参与教育计划，并确保为继续教育提供支持。应根据当前基于证据的指南制定呼吸机相关性肺炎预防方案。
