Castro-Pardiñas M A, Torres-Lacomba M, Navarro-Brazález B
Grupo de Investigación Fisioterapia en los Procesos de Salud de la Mujer, Unidad Docente de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
Grupo de Investigación Fisioterapia en los Procesos de Salud de la Mujer, Unidad Docente de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
Actas Urol Esp. 2017 May;41(4):249-257. doi: 10.1016/j.acuro.2016.11.007. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
To understand the function of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) at different ages in healthy women and in puerperal women with pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFD) and to ascertain whether there are differences among them.
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2014 and September 2016 and included 177 women, 70 of whom had no symptoms of PFD, 53 primiparous mothers in late postpartum and 54 with PFD. The function of the PFM was measured through vaginal palpation (quality of the contraction); manometry (force); dynamometer (tone, strength, and response to stretching), and surface electromyography (neuromuscular activity and resistance).
The healthy women showed superior values for PFM tone, maximum strength, neuromuscular activity and resistance than the puerperal mothers and the women with PFD (P<.01). The puerperal women and those with PFD showed similar functional PFM values (P>.05). The muscle function of the healthy women did not vary significantly with age, except in the case of tone, which was lower in the women older than 46 years (P=.004).
Age and births decrease the baseline tone of the PFM in healthy women. Therefore, lower strength, resistance and neuromuscular activity appear to be the main difference between the PFM of women with PFD and the PFM of healthy women.
了解健康女性及患有盆底功能障碍（PFD）的产后女性在不同年龄段盆底肌肉（PFM）的功能，并确定两者之间是否存在差异。
于2014年6月至2016年9月进行了一项描述性横断面研究，纳入177名女性，其中70名无PFD症状，53名产后晚期初产妇和54名患有PFD的女性。通过阴道触诊（收缩质量）、压力测定（力量）、测力计（张力、强度和对拉伸的反应）以及表面肌电图（神经肌肉活动和阻力）来测量PFM的功能。
健康女性的PFM张力、最大强度、神经肌肉活动和阻力值高于产后母亲和患有PFD的女性（P<0.01）。产后女性和患有PFD的女性的PFM功能值相似（P>0.05）。健康女性的肌肉功能除张力外，随年龄变化无显著差异，46岁以上女性的张力较低（P = 0.004）。
年龄和分娩会降低健康女性PFM的基线张力。因此，较低的强度、阻力和神经肌肉活动似乎是患有PFD的女性与健康女性PFM之间的主要差异。
