State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science , Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017 Mar 1;9(8):6979-6987. doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b13613. Epub 2017 Feb 20.
Cost-effective sodium ion batteries (SIBs) are emerging as a desirable alternative choice to lithium ion batteries in terms of application in large-scale energy storage devices. SnS is regarded as a potential anode material for SIBs because of its unique layered structure and high theoretical specific capacity. However, the development of SnS was hindered by the sluggish kinetics of the diffusion process and the inevitable volume change during repeated sodiation-desodiation processes. In this work, SnS with a unique nanowall array (NWA) structure is fabricated by one-step pulsed spray evaporation chemical vapor deposition (PSE-CVD), which could be used directly as binder-free and carbon-free anodes for SIBs. The SnS NWA electrode achieves a high reversible capacity of 576 mAh g at 500 mA g and enhanced cycling stability. Attractively, an excellent rate capability is demonstrated with ∼370 mAh g at 5 A g, corresponding to a capacity retention of 64.2% at 500 mA g. The superior sodium storage capability of the SnS NWA electrode could be attributed to outstanding electrode design and a rational growth process, which favor fast electron and Na-ion transport, as well as provide steady structure for elongated cycling.
在大规模储能设备的应用中，具有成本效益的钠离子电池（SIBs）作为锂离子电池的理想替代品而崭露头角。SnS 因其独特的层状结构和高理论比容量而被认为是 SIBs 的一种潜在的阳极材料。然而，SnS 的发展受到扩散过程中动力学缓慢和反复钠化-脱钠过程中不可避免的体积变化的阻碍。在这项工作中，通过一步脉冲喷雾蒸发化学气相沉积（PSE-CVD）制备了具有独特纳米墙阵列（NWA）结构的 SnS，可直接用作无粘结剂和无碳 SIBs 用的阳极。SnS NWA 电极在 500mA/g 时表现出 576mAh/g 的高可逆容量和增强的循环稳定性。引人注目的是，在 5A/g 时表现出约 370mAh/g 的优异倍率性能，在 500mA/g 时的容量保持率为 64.2%。SnS NWA 电极优异的储钠能力归因于出色的电极设计和合理的生长过程，有利于快速的电子和 Na-离子传输，并为循环过程中的稳定结构提供了保障。
