Li Yueyue, Wang Yang, Hu John, Xiao Long, Tan Guanlin, Lan Pingxiu, Liu Yong, Li Fan
Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
Virol J. 2017 Jan 31;14(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s12985-016-0676-2.
Tomato mottle mosaic virus (ToMMV) is a recently identified species in the genus Tobamovirus and was first reported from a greenhouse tomato sample collected in Mexico in 2013. In August 2013, ToMMV was detected on peppers (Capsicum spp.) in China. However, little is known about the molecular and biological characteristics of ToMMV.
Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid identification of cDNA ends (RACE) were carried out to obtain the complete genomic sequences of ToMMV. Sap transmission was used to test the host range and pathogenicity of ToMMV.
The full-length genomes of two ToMMV isolates infecting peppers in Yunnan Province and Tibet Autonomous Region of China were determined and analyzed. The complete genomic sequences of both ToMMV isolates consisted of 6399 nucleotides and contained four open reading frames (ORFs) encoding 126, 183, 30 and 18 kDa proteins from the 5' to 3' end, respectively. Overall similarities of the ToMMV genome sequence to those of the other tobamoviruses available in GenBank ranged from 49.6% to 84.3%. Phylogenetic analyses of the sequences of full-genome nucleotide and the amino acids of its four proteins confirmed that ToMMV was most closely related to Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV). According to the genetic structure, host of origin and phylogenetic relationships, the available 32 tobamoviruses could be divided into at least eight subgroups based on the host plant family they infect: Solanaceae-, Brassicaceae-, Cactaceae-, Apocynaceae-, Cucurbitaceae-, Malvaceae-, Leguminosae-, and Passifloraceae-infecting subgroups. The detection of ToMMV on some solanaceous, cucurbitaceous, brassicaceous and leguminous plants in Yunnan Province and other few parts of China revealed ToMMV only occurred on peppers so far. However, the host range test results showed ToMMV could infect most of the tested solanaceous and cruciferous plants, and had a high affinity for the solanaceous plants.
The complete nucleotide sequences of two Chinese ToMMV isolates from naturally infected peppers were verified. The tobamoviruses were divided into at least eight subgroups, with ToMMV belonging to the subgroup that infected plants in the Solanaceae. In China, ToMMV only occurred on peppers in the fields till now. ToMMV could infect the plants in family Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae by sap transmission.
番茄斑驳花叶病毒（ToMMV）是烟草花叶病毒属中最近鉴定出的一个种，于2013年首次从墨西哥采集的温室番茄样本中报道。2013年8月，在中国的辣椒（辣椒属）上检测到ToMMV。然而，关于ToMMV的分子和生物学特性知之甚少。
采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和cDNA末端快速鉴定（RACE）技术获取ToMMV的完整基因组序列。利用汁液摩擦接种法检测ToMMV的寄主范围和致病性。
测定并分析了中国云南省和西藏自治区感染辣椒的两个ToMMV分离物的全长基因组。两个ToMMV分离物的完整基因组序列均由6399个核苷酸组成，包含四个开放阅读框（ORF），分别从5'端到3'端编码126、183、30和18 kDa的蛋白质。ToMMV基因组序列与GenBank中其他烟草花叶病毒的总体相似性在49.6%至84.3%之间。对全基因组核苷酸序列及其四种蛋白质的氨基酸序列进行系统发育分析，证实ToMMV与番茄花叶病毒（ToMV）关系最为密切。根据遗传结构、起源寄主和系统发育关系，基于所感染的寄主植物科，可将现有的32种烟草花叶病毒至少分为八个亚组：感染茄科、十字花科、仙人掌科、夹竹桃科、葫芦科、锦葵科、豆科和西番莲科的亚组。在云南省和中国其他一些地区的一些茄科、葫芦科、十字花科和豆科植物上检测到ToMMV，但到目前为止仅在辣椒上发现。然而，寄主范围测试结果表明，ToMMV可感染大多数测试的茄科和十字花科植物，且对茄科植物具有高度亲和力。
验证了两个来自自然感染辣椒的中国ToMMV分离物的完整核苷酸序列。烟草花叶病毒至少分为八个亚组，ToMMV属于感染茄科植物的亚组。在中国，到目前为止ToMMV仅在田间的辣椒上出现。ToMMV可通过汁液摩擦接种感染茄科和葫芦科植物。
