极光激酶：癌症中的新型治疗靶点。
Aurora kinases: novel therapy targets in cancers.
作者信息
Tang Anqun, Gao Keyu, Chu Laili, Zhang Rui, Yang Jing, Zheng Junnian
机构信息
Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
出版信息
Oncotarget. 2017 Apr 4;8(14):23937-23954. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.14893.
Aurora kinases, a family of serine/threonine kinases, consisting of Aurora A (AURKA), Aurora B (AURKB) and Aurora C (AURKC), are essential kinases for cell division via regulating mitosis especially the process of chromosomal segregation. Besides regulating mitosis, Aurora kinases have been implicated in regulating meiosis. The deletion of Aurora kinases could lead to failure of cell division and impair the embryonic development. Overexpression or gene amplification of Aurora kinases has been clarified in a number of cancers. And a growing number of studies have demonstrated that inhibition of Aurora kinases could potentiate the effect of chemotherapies. For the past decades, a series of Aurora kinases inhibitors (AKIs) developed effectively repress the progression and growth of many cancers both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that Aurora kinases could be a novel therapeutic target. In this review, we'll first briefly present the structure, localization and physiological functions of Aurora kinases in mitosis, then describe the oncogenic role of Aurora kinases in tumorigenesis, we shall finally discuss the outcomes of AKIs combination with conventional therapy.
极光激酶是一类丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶，由极光激酶A（AURKA）、极光激酶B（AURKB）和极光激酶C（AURKC）组成，是细胞分裂过程中必不可少的激酶，通过调节有丝分裂，特别是染色体分离过程发挥作用。除了调节有丝分裂外，极光激酶还参与减数分裂的调节。极光激酶的缺失会导致细胞分裂失败并损害胚胎发育。在许多癌症中，极光激酶的过表达或基因扩增已得到证实。越来越多的研究表明，抑制极光激酶可以增强化疗效果。在过去几十年中，一系列有效开发的极光激酶抑制剂（AKIs）在体内和体外均能有效抑制多种癌症的进展和生长，这表明极光激酶可能是一个新的治疗靶点。在这篇综述中，我们将首先简要介绍极光激酶在有丝分裂中的结构、定位和生理功能，然后描述极光激酶在肿瘤发生中的致癌作用，最后我们将讨论AKIs与传统疗法联合使用的效果。
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