Avinash B, Venu R, Alpha Raj M, Srinivasa Rao K, Srilatha Ch, Prasad T N V K V
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati 517502, A.P., India.
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati 517502, A.P., India.
Vet Parasitol. 2017 Apr 15;237:130-136. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.02.017. Epub 2017 Feb 21.
An investigation was undertaken to study, for the first time, in vitro acaricidal activity of green silver nanoparticles on deltamethrin resistance Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. The compounds tested were neem coated silver nanoparticles (N-Ag NPs), deltamethrin neem coated silver nanoparticles (DN-Ag NPs), 2, 3 dehydrosalannol (2,3 DHS), 2, 3 DHS coated silver nanoparticles (2, 3-DHS-Ag NPs), Quercetin dihydrate (QDH) and QDH coated silver nanoparticles (QDH-Ag NPs). Also included in this study, for the purpose of comparison, were neem leaf extract (NLE), silver nitrate (AgNO) and deltamethrin (D). Acaricidal activity on larvae and adults of R. (B.) microplus was tested by larval packet test (LPT) and adult immersion test (AIT) respectively. In the LPT, 100% mortality was obtained at concentrations (ppm) of 360, 6000, 260, 200, 50, 300, 85, 600 and 200 for the compounds, D, NLE, Ag NO, N-Ag NPs, DN-Ag NPs, 2, 3 DHS, 2, 3 DHS-Ag NPs, QDH, QDH-Ag NPs respectively. In AIT, the proportions of mortality and oviposition inhibition were proportionate but the reproductive index was inversely proportional to the concentration of the compounds used. The effect of DN-Ag NPs on mortality was the highest (93.33%) at 50ppm concentration. The mean reproductive index (0.01) and oviposition inhibition (99.16%) values were statistically significant when compared to control group. DN-Ag NPs showed significantly (P<0.05) lower LC (3.87ppm; 21.95ppm) and LC (53.05ppm; 90.06ppm) values against both the larvae and adults of R. (B.) microplus. The oviposition inhibiting ability of various compounds was determined to assess the reproductive performance of adult female ticks. The DN-Ag NPs had potent oviposition inhibitory activity with significantly lower IC and IC values compared to the rest of the treatments at 0.034 and 51.07ppm respectively. These results showed that the DN-Ag NPs had significant acaricidal activity against R. (B.) microplus.
首次开展了一项研究，以探究绿色银纳米颗粒对溴氰菊酯抗性微小牛蜱的体外杀螨活性。所测试的化合物包括印楝包被银纳米颗粒（N-Ag NPs）、溴氰菊酯印楝包被银纳米颗粒（DN-Ag NPs）、2,3-脱氢萨兰醇（2,3-DHS）、2,3-DHS包被银纳米颗粒（2,3-DHS-Ag NPs）、槲皮素二水合物（QDH）和QDH包被银纳米颗粒（QDH-Ag NPs）。为作比较，本研究还纳入了印楝叶提取物（NLE）、硝酸银（AgNO）和溴氰菊酯（D）。分别通过幼虫包囊试验（LPT）和成虫浸泡试验（AIT）测试了对微小牛蜱幼虫和成虫的杀螨活性。在LPT中，化合物D、NLE、AgNO、N-Ag NPs、DN-Ag NPs、2,3-DHS、2,3-DHS-Ag NPs、QDH、QDH-Ag NPs在浓度（ppm）分别为360、6000、260、200、50、300、85、600和200时均获得了100%的死亡率。在AIT中，死亡率和产卵抑制比例成正比，但繁殖指数与所用化合物的浓度成反比。DN-Ag NPs在50ppm浓度下对死亡率的影响最高（93.33%）。与对照组相比，平均繁殖指数（0.01）和产卵抑制（99.16%）值具有统计学意义。DN-Ag NPs对微小牛蜱幼虫和成虫的LC（3.87ppm；21.95ppm）和LC（53.05ppm；90.06ppm）值均显著较低（P<0.05）。测定了各种化合物的产卵抑制能力，以评估成年雌性蜱的繁殖性能。DN-Ag NPs具有强大的产卵抑制活性，其IC和IC值分别为0.034和51.07ppm，与其他处理相比显著更低。这些结果表明，DN-Ag NPs对微小牛蜱具有显著的杀螨活性。
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