Hardikar Revati, Haridevi C K, Chowdhury Mintu, Shinde Namrata, Ram Anirudh, Rokade M A, Rakesh P S
National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Lokhandawala Road, Four Bungalows, Andheri West, Mumbai, 400053, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2017 Apr;189(4):151. doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-5835-4. Epub 2017 Mar 9.
Malvan coast is one of the Marine Protected Area (MPA) of Maharashtra because of its rich coral reef and biodiversity. The study investigated on phytoplankton assemblage and their diversity with respect to physico-chemical parameters covering protected and unprotected area of Malvan coast. Physico-chemical parameters such as salinity, nitrite, nitrate, and ammonia did not display seasonality due to inadequate fresh water influx and allochthonous nutrient input. Positive correlation of phosphate (r = 0.96, p < 0.0001) and silicate (r = 0.91, p < 0.0001) with Total Suspended Solids (TSS) confirmed their autochthonous origin as a result of resuspension of bottom sediments during monsoon. A total of 57 phytoplankton species were identified mostly dominated by Bascillariophyceae (40 species), followed by Dinophyceae (9 species), Chlorophyceae (5 species), Cyanophyceae (2 species), and Dictyochophyceae (1 species) from Malvan coast. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed that water temperature and TSS were the most significant parameters influencing the distribution and seasonal shift in phytoplankton species such as Skeletonema costatum and Chaetoceros sp. during pre-monsoon and Psedo-nitzschia sp., Streptotheca thamensis, Eucampia zodiacus, and Lithodesmium undulatum during post-monsoon. Silicate and phosphate had minor influence on phytoplankton distribution. Shannon-Wiener diversity index as a pollution index suggested that the study area was incipiently polluted except at bay stations. Despite of various human interventions the water quality and phytoplankton assemblage of this area has not reached to an alarming situation. The current study provides a valuable baseline data on phytoplankton assemblage from Malvan coast.
马尔万海岸因其丰富的珊瑚礁和生物多样性，是马哈拉施特拉邦的海洋保护区之一。该研究调查了马尔万海岸保护区和非保护区内浮游植物群落及其多样性与理化参数的关系。由于淡水流入不足和外源营养物质输入，盐度、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐和氨等理化参数未表现出季节性变化。磷酸盐（r = 0.96，p < 0.0001）和硅酸盐（r = 0.91，p < 0.0001）与总悬浮固体（TSS）的正相关证实了它们的本地来源，这是季风期间底部沉积物再悬浮的结果。从马尔万海岸共鉴定出57种浮游植物，其中大多数以硅藻门（40种）为主，其次是甲藻门（9种）、绿藻门（5种）、蓝藻门（2种）和双尾藻门（1种）。典范对应分析（CCA）表明，水温与总悬浮固体是影响浮游植物物种分布和季节性变化的最重要参数，如在季风前的中肋骨条藻和角毛藻属，以及季风后的拟菱形藻属、塔玛链壶菌、黄道角藻和波动石囊藻。硅酸盐和磷酸盐对浮游植物分布的影响较小。作为污染指数的香农 - 维纳多样性指数表明，除海湾站点外，研究区域刚开始受到污染。尽管存在各种人为干预，但该区域的水质和浮游植物群落尚未达到令人担忧的程度。本研究提供了关于马尔万海岸浮游植物群落的宝贵基础数据。
