From the *Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; †Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; and ‡Department of Anesthesiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2017 May/Jun;42(3):289-298. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000583.
In this article, we discuss the emerging role of lung point-of-care ultrasonography for regional anesthesiologists and pain management specialists. Lung ultrasonography is a well-established clinical tool that is used on a routine basis in emergency rooms and critical care units internationally to evaluate patients with respiratory distress; however, its benefits to the regional anesthesiologist and pain specialist are not as well known and are practiced less frequently. This review article covers the clinical evidence in support of lung point-of-care ultrasonography as a rapid and superior tool to traditional imaging modalities such as chest radiography and fluoroscopy. As anesthesiologists routinely perform nerve blocks that put patients at potential risk of complications such as pneumothorax or diaphragmatic paresis, it is important to understand how to use lung ultrasonography to evaluate for these conditions, as well as to differentiate between other potential causes of respiratory distress, such as interstitial syndrome and pleural effusions. This article describes the normal and pathological findings that can be used to quickly and confidently evaluate a patient for these conditions.
在本文中，我们讨论了肺部即时超声检查在区域麻醉师和疼痛管理专家中的新兴作用。肺部超声是一种成熟的临床工具，在国际上的急诊室和重症监护病房中常规用于评估呼吸窘迫的患者；然而，其对区域麻醉师和疼痛专家的益处并不广为人知，也较少应用。这篇综述文章涵盖了支持肺部即时超声检查作为一种比传统成像方式（如胸部 X 光和透视）更快、更优越的工具的临床证据。由于麻醉师通常进行神经阻滞，使患者面临气胸或膈肌麻痹等并发症的潜在风险，因此了解如何使用肺部超声来评估这些情况，以及区分呼吸窘迫的其他潜在原因，如间质性综合征和胸腔积液，非常重要。本文描述了可以用于快速、自信地评估患者是否存在这些情况的正常和病理发现。
