Yamaguchi Yoshifumi, Miyazawa Hidenobu, Miura Masayuki
Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
Congenit Anom (Kyoto). 2017 Sep;57(5):134-137. doi: 10.1111/cga.12219. Epub 2017 May 31.
Neural tube closure (NTC) is an embryonic process during formation of the mammalian central nervous system. Disruption of the dynamic, sequential events of NTC can cause neural tube defects (NTD) leading to spina bifida and anencephaly in the newborn. NTC is affected by inherent factors such as genetic mutation or if the mother is exposed to certain environmental factors such as intake of harmful chemicals, maternal infection, irradiation, malnutrition, and inadequate or excessive intake of specific nutrients. Although effects of these stress factors on NTC have been intensively studied, the metabolic state of a normally developing embryo remains unclear. State-of-the art mass spectrometry techniques have enabled detailed study of embryonic metabolite profiles and their distribution within tissues. This approach has demonstrated that glucose metabolism is altered during NTC stages involving chorioallantoic branching. An understanding of embryonic metabolic rewiring would help reveal the etiology of NTD caused by environmental factors.
神经管闭合（NTC）是哺乳动物中枢神经系统形成过程中的一个胚胎发育过程。NTC动态、连续事件的中断会导致神经管缺陷（NTD），进而导致新生儿脊柱裂和无脑畸形。NTC会受到内在因素的影响，如基因突变，或者母亲接触某些环境因素，如摄入有害化学物质、母体感染、辐射、营养不良以及特定营养素摄入不足或过量。尽管这些应激因素对NTC的影响已得到深入研究，但正常发育胚胎的代谢状态仍不清楚。先进的质谱技术使得对胚胎代谢物谱及其在组织内的分布进行详细研究成为可能。这种方法已经证明，在涉及绒毛尿囊分支的NTC阶段，葡萄糖代谢会发生改变。了解胚胎代谢重编程将有助于揭示由环境因素引起的NTD的病因。
