Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy.
Waste Manag. 2017 Jun;64:263-271. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.03.013. Epub 2017 Mar 17.
The general aim of this study is the recovery of Automotive Shredder Residue (ASR). The ASR light fraction, or car fluff, that was collected at an Italian shredding plant was pyrolysed at various temperatures (500-800°C) in a lab-scale reactor. The condensable gases (tar) and solid residue yields increased with decreasing temperature, and these products were characterized to suggest a potential use to reclaim them. The higher heating value (HHV) of tar was 34-37MJ/kg, which is comparable with those of fossil fuels. Furthermore, the ash content was low (0.06-4.98%). Thus, tar can be used as an alternative fuel. With this prospect, the concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in tar were determined. The toxicity of tar changes with temperature (1-5ng I-TEQ/g), and the PCDFs significantly contribute to tar toxicity, which was 75-100% with a maximum of 99.6% at 700°C. Regarding the characterization of the solid residue, the low HHV (2.4-3.3MJ/kg) does not make it suitable for energy recovery. Regarding material recovery, we considered its use as a filler in construction materials or a secondary source for metals. It shows a high metal concentration (280,000-395,000mg/kg), which is similar at different pyrolysis temperatures. At 500°C, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were not detected in the solid residue, whereas the maximum total PAH concentration (19.41ng/g, 700°C) was lower than that in fly ash from MSWI. In conclusion, 500°C is a suitable pyrolysis temperature to obtain valuable tar and solid residue.
本研究的总体目标是回收汽车破碎机残渣（ASR）。在意大利的一家破碎机厂收集的 ASR 轻组分（汽车碎料）在实验室规模的反应器中在不同温度（500-800°C）下进行热解。随着温度的降低，可冷凝气体（焦油）和固体残渣的产率增加，对这些产物进行了表征，以建议潜在的回收利用方法。焦油的高位发热值（HHV）为 34-37MJ/kg，与化石燃料相当。此外，灰分含量低（0.06-4.98%）。因此，焦油可用作替代燃料。鉴于此前景，测定了焦油中多氯二苯并对二恶英（PCDDs）和多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）的浓度。焦油的毒性随温度而变化（1-5ng I-TEQ/g），PCDFs 对焦油毒性有显著贡献，在 700°C 时最大可达 99.6%。关于固体残渣的特性，低热值（2.4-3.3MJ/kg）使其不适合用于能量回收。关于材料回收，我们考虑将其用作建筑材料的填料或金属的二次来源。它显示出高金属浓度（280,000-395,000mg/kg），在不同热解温度下相似。在 500°C 时，固体残渣中未检测到多环芳烃（PAHs），而最大总 PAH 浓度（19.41ng/g，700°C）低于来自 MSWI 的飞灰。总之，500°C 是获得有价值的焦油和固体残渣的合适热解温度。
