Rotundo Richard L
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
J Neurochem. 2017 Aug;142 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):52-58. doi: 10.1111/jnc.13982. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is expressed as several homomeric and heterooligomeric forms in a wide variety of tissues such as neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems and their targets including skeletal muscle, endocrine and exocrine glands. In addition, glycolipid-anchored forms are expressed in erythropoietic and lymphopoietic cells. While transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation is important for determining which AChE oligomeric forms are expressed in a given tissue, translational and post-translational regulatory mechanisms at the level of protein folding, assembly and sorting play equally important roles in assuring that the AChE molecules reach their intended sites on the cell surface in the appropriate numbers. This brief review will focus on the latter events in the cell with the goal of providing novel therapeutic interventional strategies for the treatment of organophosphate and carbamate pesticide and nerve agent exposure. This is an article for the special issue XVth International Symposium on Cholinergic Mechanisms.
乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）在多种组织中以多种同聚体和异源寡聚体形式表达，这些组织包括中枢和外周神经系统中的神经元及其靶组织，如骨骼肌、内分泌腺和外分泌腺。此外，糖脂锚定形式在造血细胞和淋巴细胞中表达。虽然转录和转录后调控对于确定在给定组织中表达哪种AChE寡聚体形式很重要，但在蛋白质折叠、组装和分选水平上的翻译和翻译后调控机制在确保AChE分子以适当数量到达细胞表面的预定位置方面同样起着重要作用。本简要综述将聚焦于细胞中的后一系列事件，目的是为有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药及神经毒剂暴露的治疗提供新的治疗干预策略。这是一篇发表于第十五届国际胆碱能机制研讨会特刊的文章。
