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久违了:运动轨迹知觉学习训练 3 年后的持续行为和神经变化。

Long Time No See: Enduring Behavioral and Neuronal Changes in Perceptual Learning of Motion Trajectories 3 Years After Training.

机构信息

Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.

Institute for Experimental Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany.

出版信息

Cereb Cortex. 2018 Apr 1;28(4):1260-1271. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhx039.

Abstract

Here, we report on the long-term stability of changes in behavior and brain activity following perceptual learning of conjunctions of simple motion features. Participants were trained for 3 weeks on a visual search task involving the detection of a dot moving in a "v"-shaped target trajectory among inverted "v"-shaped distractor trajectories. The first and last training sessions were carried out during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Learning stability was again examined behaviorally and using fMRI 3 years after the end of training. Results show that acquired behavioral improvements were remarkably stable over time and that these changes were specific to trained target and distractor trajectories. A similar pattern was observed on the neuronal level, when the representation of target and distractor stimuli was examined in early retinotopic visual cortex (V1-V3): training enhanced activity for the target relative to the surrounding distractors in the search array and this enhancement persisted after 3 years. However, exchanging target and distractor trajectories abolished both neuronal and behavioral effects, suggesting that training-induced changes in stimulus representation are specific to trained stimulus identities.

摘要

在这里,我们报告了在对简单运动特征的组合进行知觉学习后,行为和大脑活动变化的长期稳定性。参与者在一项视觉搜索任务中接受了 3 周的训练,该任务涉及在倒置的“v”形干扰轨迹中检测到沿“v”形目标轨迹移动的点。第一和最后一次训练课程是在功能磁共振成像(fMRI)期间进行的。在训练结束 3 年后,我们再次通过行为和 fMRI 检查学习稳定性。结果表明,获得的行为改善随时间推移非常稳定,并且这些变化是针对训练的目标和干扰轨迹的。在早期视皮层(V1-V3)中检查目标和干扰刺激的表示时,在神经元水平上也观察到了类似的模式:与搜索数组中的周围干扰物相比,训练增强了对目标的活动,并且这种增强在 3 年后仍然存在。但是,交换目标和干扰轨迹消除了神经元和行为效应,表明刺激表示的训练诱导变化是针对训练的刺激身份的。

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