Clifford Anton, Shakeshaft Anthony
School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2017 Jul;36(4):509-522. doi: 10.1111/dar.12510. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
Indigenous peoples of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States experience a disproportionately high burden of harms from substance misuse. Research is therefore required to improve our understanding of substance use in Indigenous populations and provide evidence on strategies effective for reducing harmful use.
A search of 13 electronic databases for peer-reviewed articles published between 1993 and 2014 focusing on substance use and Indigenous peoples of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States. Relevant abstracts were classified as data or non-data based research. Data-based studies were further classified as measurement, descriptive or intervention and their trends examined by country and drug type. Intervention studies were classified by type and their evaluation designs classified using the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) data collection checklist.
There was a statistically significant increase from 1993 to 2014 in the percentage of total publications that were data-based (P < 0.001). Overall, data-based publications were mostly descriptive for all countries (84-93%) and drug types (74-95%). There were fewer measurement (0-4%) and intervention (0-14%) publications for all countries and the percentage of these did not change significantly over time. Forty-two percent of intervention studies employed an EPOC evaluation design.
Strategies to increase the frequency and quality of measurement and intervention research in the Indigenous drug and alcohol field are required.
The dominance of descriptive research in the Indigenous drug and alcohol field is less than optimal for generating evidence to inform Indigenous drug and alcohol policy and programs. [Clifford A, Shakeshaft A. A bibliometric review of drug and alcohol research focused on Indigenous peoples of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States. Drug Alcohol Rev 2017;36:509-522].
澳大利亚、新西兰、加拿大和美国的原住民在药物滥用方面承受着极高的伤害负担。因此，需要开展研究以增进我们对原住民群体药物使用情况的了解，并提供有关有效减少有害使用的策略的证据。
检索了13个电子数据库，查找1993年至2014年间发表的关于澳大利亚、新西兰、加拿大和美国原住民药物使用情况的同行评审文章。相关摘要被分类为基于数据或非基于数据的研究。基于数据的研究进一步分为测量、描述性或干预性研究，并按国家和药物类型考察其趋势。干预性研究按类型分类，其评估设计使用Cochrane有效实践与护理组织（EPOC）数据收集清单进行分类。
从1993年到2014年，基于数据的出版物在总出版物中所占百分比有统计学显著增加（P < 0.001）。总体而言，所有国家（84 - 93%）和所有药物类型（74 - 95%）的基于数据的出版物大多为描述性的。所有国家的测量性（0 - 4%）和干预性（0 - 14%）出版物较少，且这些出版物的百分比随时间没有显著变化。42%的干预性研究采用了EPOC评估设计。
需要采取策略提高原住民药物和酒精领域测量和干预研究的频率与质量。
在原住民药物和酒精领域，描述性研究占主导地位对于生成可为原住民药物和酒精政策及项目提供信息的证据而言并非最佳。[克利福德A，沙克沙夫特A。聚焦澳大利亚、新西兰、加拿大和美国原住民的药物和酒精研究的文献计量学综述。《药物与酒精评论》2017；36：509 - 522]
