State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
Top Curr Chem (Cham). 2017 Apr;375(2):42. doi: 10.1007/s41061-017-0123-x. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
The major challenges of molecular electronics are the understanding and manipulation of the electron transport through the single-molecule junction. With the single-molecule break junction techniques, including scanning tunneling microscope break junction technique and mechanically controllable break junction technique, the charge transport through various single-molecule and supramolecular junctions has been studied during the dynamic fabrication and continuous characterization of molecular junctions. This review starts from the charge transport characterization of supramolecular junctions through a variety of noncovalent interactions, such as hydrogen bond, π-π interaction, and electrostatic force. We further review the recent progress in constructing highly conductive molecular junctions via chemical reactions, the response of molecular junctions to external stimuli, as well as the application of break junction techniques in controlling and monitoring chemical reactions in situ. We suggest that beyond the measurement of single molecular conductance, the single-molecule break junction techniques provide a promising access to study molecular assembly and chemical reactions at the single-molecule scale.
分子电子学的主要挑战是理解和控制电子通过单分子结的传输。通过单分子断键技术，包括扫描隧道显微镜断键技术和机械可控断键技术，在分子结的动态制造和连续表征过程中，研究了各种单分子和超分子结的电荷传输。本综述从通过各种非共价相互作用（如氢键、π-π相互作用和静电力）的超分子结的电荷输运特性开始。我们进一步综述了通过化学反应构建高导电性分子结、分子结对外界刺激的响应以及断键技术在原位控制和监测化学反应方面的最新进展。我们认为，除了测量单个分子的电导率之外，单分子断键技术还为在单分子尺度上研究分子组装和化学反应提供了一种很有前途的方法。
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