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大学生情绪低落时的情绪调节困难是否会影响饮食限制与体重增加之间的关联?

Do emotion regulation difficulties when upset influence the association between dietary restraint and weight gain among college students?

作者信息

Hunt Tyler K, Forbush Kelsie T, Hagan Kelsey E, Chapa Danielle A N

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.

Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.

出版信息

Appetite. 2017 Jul 1;114:101-109. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.029. Epub 2017 Mar 22.

Abstract

Obesity is a significant public health concern that affects more than one-fifth of adolescents aged 12-19 in the United States. Theoretical models suggest that prolonged dietary restraint leads to binge-eating behaviors, which in turn increases individuals' risk for weight gain or obesity. Results from the literature indicate a potential role for negative urgency (the tendency to act rashly when distressed) as a mediating variable that explains the link between dietary restraint and binge-eating episodes. The current study tested short-term, prospective longitudinal associations among dietary restraint, binge eating, negative urgency, and weight gain among college students - a population at increased risk for the development of overweight and obesity. We hypothesized that dietary restraint and weight gain would be mediated by negative urgency and binge eating, but only among participants with overweight and obesity. College students (N = 227) completed the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory, UPPS-P Impulsivity Scale, and self-reported weight and height to calculate body mass index. Results showed that the association between dietary restraint and weight gain was mediated by negative urgency and binge eating, but only among participants with overweight and obesity. Our findings indicated that negative urgency might represent a mechanism that explains why dietary restraint leads to future binge-eating episodes and weight gain among college students with overweight and obesity. Results suggest that future treatment and prevention programs for overweight and obesity may benefit from incorporating strategies to improve emotion regulation as a way to reduce binge eating and to prevent additional weight gain among 'at-risk' populations.

摘要

肥胖是一个重大的公共卫生问题,影响着美国超过五分之一的12至19岁青少年。理论模型表明,长期的饮食限制会导致暴饮暴食行为,进而增加个体体重增加或肥胖的风险。文献结果表明,消极紧迫性(在痛苦时冲动行事的倾向)作为一个中介变量,在解释饮食限制与暴饮暴食发作之间的联系方面可能发挥作用。本研究测试了大学生中饮食限制、暴饮暴食、消极紧迫性和体重增加之间的短期、前瞻性纵向关联——这一人群超重和肥胖的发生风险增加。我们假设饮食限制和体重增加将由消极紧迫性和暴饮暴食介导,但仅在超重和肥胖的参与者中如此。大学生(N = 227)完成了饮食病理症状量表、UPPS-P冲动性量表,并自我报告了体重和身高以计算体重指数。结果表明,饮食限制与体重增加之间的关联由消极紧迫性和暴饮暴食介导,但仅在超重和肥胖的参与者中如此。我们的研究结果表明,消极紧迫性可能是一种机制,解释了为什么饮食限制会导致超重和肥胖的大学生未来出现暴饮暴食发作和体重增加。结果表明,未来针对超重和肥胖的治疗和预防项目可能会受益于纳入改善情绪调节的策略,以此减少暴饮暴食,并防止“高危”人群进一步体重增加。

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