Borghi Alessandro, Corazza Monica, Battaglia Yuri, Maietti Elisa, Minghetti Sara, Virgili Annarosa
Sezione di Dermatologia e Malattie Infettive, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
Dermatology. 2016;232(6):715-720. doi: 10.1159/000458756. Epub 2017 Mar 25.
Previous studies have shown poor compliance rates regarding sun protection among organ transplant recipients.
The main objective of the present study was to assess the awareness among renal transplant recipients (RTRs) of their risk of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) development and their sunscreen use. The influence of several potentially relevant variables was also assessed in order to identify possible weak points on which to concentrate efforts in this respect.
A total of 132 RTRs (92 males and 40 females) were included. The following information was collected and elaborated: (a) demographics; (b) skin phototype; (c) educational level; (d) time elapsed since transplantation; (e) immunosuppressive treatments; (f) previous dermatological visits; (g) patients' awareness of their NMSC risk; (h) use of sunscreen; and (i) previous documented NMSCs or NMSCs found during the study visit.
Overall, 65 patients (49.2%) expressed awareness of their susceptibility to skin cancers. A high educational level was the main factor associated with patients' awareness. Thirty-six RTRs (27.3%) reported using sunscreen regularly. High educational level and awareness of personal susceptibility to NMSC development were the most relevant factors associated with sun protection habits.
The present study showed the low level of sunscreen use among RTRs and their scanty awareness of personal skin cancer risk. Since educational level has been found to be highly related to both awareness of cancer risk and adequate use of sunscreen among RTRs, it is necessary to improve the way education is delivered by dermatologists and nephrologists, especially to subjects with a low educational level.
既往研究表明，器官移植受者的防晒依从率较低。
本研究的主要目的是评估肾移植受者（RTRs）对非黑素瘤皮肤癌（NMSC）发生风险的认知以及他们使用防晒霜的情况。还评估了几个潜在相关变量的影响，以确定在这方面集中努力的可能薄弱环节。
共纳入132名RTRs（92名男性和40名女性）。收集并整理了以下信息：（a）人口统计学资料；（b）皮肤光类型；（c）教育水平；（d）移植后的时间；（e）免疫抑制治疗；（f）既往皮肤科就诊情况；（g）患者对其NMSC风险的认知；（h）防晒霜的使用情况；（i）既往记录的NMSCs或在研究访视期间发现的NMSCs。
总体而言，65名患者（49.2%）表示意识到自己易患皮肤癌。高教育水平是与患者认知相关的主要因素。36名RTRs（27.3%）报告经常使用防晒霜。高教育水平和对个人易患NMSC的认知是与防晒习惯最相关的因素。
本研究显示RTRs使用防晒霜的水平较低，且他们对个人皮肤癌风险的认知不足。由于已发现教育水平与RTRs对癌症风险的认知和防晒霜的充分使用高度相关，因此有必要改善皮肤科医生和肾病科医生提供教育的方式，尤其是对教育水平较低的患者。
