Poteet Perry S, Cox Matthew D, Wang Ran A, Fitzgerald Ryan T, Kanaan Alissa
1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
2 Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 Aug;157(2):320-324. doi: 10.1177/0194599817696302. Epub 2017 Mar 28.
Objective We sought to identify a relationship between skull base height and anterior ethmoid artery (AEA) anatomy. Study Design Retrospective radiologic chart review. Setting University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. Subjects Patients seen in a tertiary rhinology clinic between September 2014 and October 2015. Methods Review of 101 maxillofacial computed tomography scans with institutional review board approval. Skull base height and AEA locations were measured on each side. Prevalence of the AEA outside of the skull base and distance of the AEA from skull base were calculated and compared with Keros classification using χ testing. Comparisons of skull base height between sexes and age and distance between skull base and the AEA among Keros 2 and Keros 3 patients were made using an unpaired, 2-tailed t test. Results The AEA was located below the skull base in 25.7% of cases and more often in Keros type 3 (55%) than in Keros type 2 (29.5%) or Keros type 1 (0%) ( P < .05). Male patients were significantly more likely to have a greater average skull base height (5.25 vs 4.28 mm) and to have AEAs below the skull base (38.4% vs 14.8%). In addition, the distance of the AEA from the skull base was significantly higher in Keros type 3 patients compared with Keros type 2 patients (4.55 vs 3.42 mm, P = .001). Conclusions Variations in the AEA pathway occur more in male patients and those with higher Keros classifications. The distance between the variant AEA and the skull base increases with higher Keros classification. Keros classification can yield insight to the location of the AEA.
目的 我们试图确定颅底高度与筛前动脉（AEA）解剖结构之间的关系。
研究设计 回顾性放射学图表审查。
研究地点 阿肯色大学医学科学分校。
研究对象 2014年9月至2015年10月在三级鼻科诊所就诊的患者。
方法 在获得机构审查委员会批准后，对101例颌面计算机断层扫描进行回顾。测量每侧的颅底高度和AEA位置。计算AEA位于颅底之外的患病率以及AEA与颅底的距离，并使用χ检验与Keros分类进行比较。使用不成对双尾t检验比较Keros 2型和Keros 3型患者的性别、年龄与颅底高度以及颅底与AEA之间的距离。
结果 在25.7%的病例中，AEA位于颅底下方，且在Keros 3型（55%）中比在Keros 2型（29.5%）或Keros 1型（0%）中更常见（P <.05）。男性患者平均颅底高度更高（5.25对4.28 mm）且AEA位于颅底下方的可能性显著更高（38.4%对14.8%）。此外，与Keros 2型患者相比，Keros 3型患者的AEA与颅底的距离显著更高（4.55对3.42 mm，P =.001）。
结论 AEA走行的变异在男性患者和Keros分类较高的患者中更常见。变异AEA与颅底之间的距离随着Keros分类的增加而增加。Keros分类可有助于了解AEA的位置。
