School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
City University of New York - John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, NY, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2018 Apr;46(3):519-527. doi: 10.1007/s10802-017-0295-4.
Antisocial youth with callous-unemotional (CU) traits exhibit a pattern of severe and persistent conduct problems and deficits in emotional processing that parallels adults with psychopathy. Aberrant emotional attention, particularly among individuals high on aggression, constitutes one such deficit; however, its robustness across race/ethnicity requires further investigation given findings that the psychopathy construct manifests differently across race (Sullivan and Kosson 2006), and emotional attention is susceptible to the influence of adverse environmental factors such as violence exposure that is more common among ethnic minority youth (Kimonis et al. in Development and Psychopathology, 20, 569-589, 2008b). Also, the development of a comprehensive measure of CU traits, the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU), has identified specific CU dimensions (Uncaring, Callous, Unemotional) that are yet to be investigated in relation to emotional attention deficits. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to examine whether aggressive boys high on total CU traits and specific ICU dimensions show deficits in attentional orienting to negative stimuli on a dot-probe task that are consistent across race/ethnicity. Results from a predominately Latino sample of incarcerated male adolescents (N = 156) showed that aggression moderated the association between CU traits and facilitation to distress stimuli. That is, aggressive boys high on CU traits or the Uncaring dimension showed deficient attentional orienting; a finding that was consistent across racial/ethnic minority groups. Results are consistent with prior research suggesting that the combination of high CU traits and aggression defines a unique subgroup of antisocial individuals that more closely fits with the construct of psychopathy than the presence of CU traits alone.
反社会的青少年具有冷酷无情(CU)的特征,表现出严重且持续的行为问题和情感处理缺陷,与患有精神病态的成年人相似。异常的情绪注意力,特别是在攻击性高的个体中,就是这样一种缺陷;然而,鉴于精神病态结构在不同种族(Sullivan 和 Kosson 2006)中表现不同的发现,以及情绪注意力容易受到暴力暴露等不良环境因素的影响,这种缺陷在不同种族中是否存在需要进一步调查,暴力暴露在少数民族青少年中更为常见(Kimonis 等人在《发展与心理病理学》,20,569-589,2008b)。此外,全面测量 CU 特征的 ICU 特征清单的开发,已经确定了特定的 CU 维度(冷漠、冷酷、无情),这些维度尚未与情绪注意力缺陷相关联进行研究。因此,本研究的目的是检验高 CU 特质和特定 ICU 维度的攻击性男孩是否在负性刺激的注意定向任务中存在注意力缺陷,这种缺陷在不同种族中是否一致。来自主要是拉丁裔的被监禁男性青少年样本(N=156)的结果表明,攻击性调节了 CU 特质和对痛苦刺激的促进之间的关系。也就是说,高 CU 特质或冷漠维度的攻击性男孩表现出注意力定向缺陷;这一发现在不同的种族/少数民族群体中是一致的。结果与先前的研究一致,表明高 CU 特质和攻击性的结合定义了一个独特的反社会个体亚组,与精神病态的概念更吻合,而不仅仅是 CU 特质的存在。
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