Musial Barbara, Vaughan Owen R, Fernandez-Twinn Denise S, Voshol Peter, Ozanne Susan E, Fowden Abigail L, Sferruzzi-Perri Amanda N
Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, and MRC Metabolic Disease Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
J Physiol. 2017 Jul 15;595(14):4875-4892. doi: 10.1113/JP273684. Epub 2017 Apr 5.
In the Western world, obesogenic diets containing high fat and high sugar (HFHS) are commonly consumed during pregnancy, although their effects on the metabolism of the mother, in relation to feto-placental glucose utilization and growth, are unknown. In the present study, the consumption of an obesogenic HFHS diet compromised maternal glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in late pregnancy in association with dysregulated lipid and glucose handling by the dam. These maternal metabolic changes induced by HFHS feeding were related to altered feto-placental glucose metabolism and growth. A HFHS diet during pregnancy therefore causes maternal metabolic dysfunction with consequences for maternal nutrient allocation for fetal growth. These findings have implications for the health of women and their infants, who consume obesogenic diets during pregnancy.
In the Western world, obesogenic diets containing high fat and high sugar (HFHS) are commonly consumed during pregnancy. However, the impacts of a HFHS diet during pregnancy on maternal insulin sensitivity and signalling in relation to feto-placental growth and glucose utilization are unknown. The present study examined the effects of a HFHS diet during mouse pregnancy on maternal glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, as well as, on feto-placental glucose metabolism. Female mice were fed a control or HFHS diet from day (D) 1 of pregnancy (term = D20.5). At D16 or D19, dams were assessed for body composition, metabolite and hormone concentrations, tissue abundance of growth and metabolic signalling pathways, glucose tolerance and utilization and insulin sensitivity. HFHS feeding perturbed maternal insulin sensitivity in late pregnancy; hepatic insulin sensitivity was higher, whereas sensitivity of the skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue was lower in HFHS than control dams. These changes were accompanied by increased adiposity and reduced glucose production and glucose tolerance of HFHS dams. The HFHS diet also disturbed the hormone and metabolite milieu and altered expression of growth and metabolic signalling pathways in maternal tissues. Furthermore, HFHS feeding was associated with impaired feto-placental glucose metabolism and growth. A HFHS diet during pregnancy therefore causes maternal metabolic dysfunction with consequences for maternal nutrient allocation for fetal growth. These findings have implications for the health of women and their infants, who consume HFHS diets during pregnancy.
在西方世界，孕期普遍食用含有高脂肪和高糖的致肥胖饮食（HFHS），尽管其对母亲代谢的影响，与胎儿 - 胎盘葡萄糖利用和生长的关系尚不清楚。在本研究中，食用致肥胖的HFHS饮食损害了孕晚期母亲的葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素敏感性，同时母鼠脂质和葡萄糖处理失调。HFHS喂养引起的这些母亲代谢变化与胎儿 - 胎盘葡萄糖代谢和生长改变有关。因此，孕期的HFHS饮食会导致母亲代谢功能障碍，影响母亲为胎儿生长分配营养。这些发现对孕期食用致肥胖饮食的妇女及其婴儿的健康具有重要意义。
在西方世界，孕期普遍食用含有高脂肪和高糖的致肥胖饮食（HFHS）。然而，孕期HFHS饮食对母亲胰岛素敏感性以及与胎儿 - 胎盘生长和葡萄糖利用相关的信号传导的影响尚不清楚。本研究检测了小鼠孕期HFHS饮食对母亲葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素抵抗以及胎儿 - 胎盘葡萄糖代谢的影响。从妊娠第1天（足月为第20.5天）开始，给雌性小鼠喂食对照饮食或HFHS饮食。在第16天或第19天，评估母鼠的身体组成、代谢物和激素浓度、生长和代谢信号通路的组织丰度、葡萄糖耐量和利用率以及胰岛素敏感性。HFHS喂养扰乱了孕晚期母亲的胰岛素敏感性；与对照母鼠相比，HFHS母鼠肝脏胰岛素敏感性较高，而骨骼肌和白色脂肪组织的敏感性较低。这些变化伴随着HFHS母鼠肥胖增加、葡萄糖生成减少和葡萄糖耐量降低。HFHS饮食还扰乱了母鼠组织中的激素和代谢物环境，并改变了生长和代谢信号通路的表达。此外，HFHS喂养与胎儿 - 胎盘葡萄糖代谢和生长受损有关。因此，孕期的HFHS饮食会导致母亲代谢功能障碍，影响母亲为胎儿生长分配营养。这些发现对孕期食用HFHS饮食的妇女及其婴儿的健康具有重要意义。
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