An entropy-driven signal amplifying strategy for real-time monitoring of DNA methylation process and high-throughput screening of methyltransferase inhibitors.

Based on the entropy-driven toehold-mediated hairpin displacement (ETHDA), a facile and sensitive one-step fluorescence sensing platform has been proposed for the evaluation DNA methylation process catalyzed by methyltransferase (MTase). In this designed system, a hairpin probe is methylated by DNA adenine methylation (Dam) MTase and cleaved by DpnI endonuclease successively, liberating a catalyzer strand to initiate the signal amplification. The fluorescence intensity is increasing upon the catalyzer strand triggered circulating procedure of the ETHDA process. It is proved that the proposed biosensor is free of intricate procedures and avoids the interference of added amplification enzymes. According to the obtained result, the novel assay is exceedingly sensitive and selective in MTase detection with a low detection limit of 0.01 U mL and a wide linear range of 0.01-100 U mL, which indicatives of this method a great candidate for monitoring DNA methylation. Moreover, this biosensor can offer practical applications in the high-throughput screening of MTase inhibitors, of which broadens the potential in the clinical diagnostics and related biomedical research.