Raj Rama, Gupta Vishal, Pathak Mona, Sreenivas Vishnubhatla, Sood Seema, Singh Sarman, Verma Kaushal K, Khanna Neena, Das Bimal K, Gupta Somesh
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS. 2017 Jan-Jun;38(1):22-36. doi: 10.4103/0253-7184.196885.
BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health problem in developing nations. Identification of risk factors can help in formulating effective strategies against them. The present study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in North India over 1 year to identify the risk factors associated with STIs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional case-control survey was conducted where participants answered questions on demographic details, sexual behavior, and awareness of STIs. Cases were patients with STIs whereas controls were randomly selected from healthy individuals accompanying patients with nonvenereal complaints attending our hospital. RESULTS: There were 106 cases and 64 controls. STI patients had sexual debut 2 years before controls. A higher proportion of STI cases had lower education, multiple sexual partners, lived separately from their partner, had nonregular partners, had protected sex in the last month, had sex under influence of alcohol/illicit drugs, sex in unstructured settings, and engaged in transactional sex, in comparison to controls ( < 0.05). More cases were aware of the symptoms/preventive measures of STIs ( < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, multiple sexual partners, sex under influence of alcohol/illicit drugs with nonregular partner, protected sex in the last month, and knowledge of preventive measures were found to be statistically associated with STIs ( < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study identifies risk-behavior patterns in patients with STIs, which should be modified to reduce the burden of these diseases. Increasing the knowledge about STIs in these patients can translate into more common condom usage that lends support for strengthening sexual health programs at grass-root levels. LIMITATIONS: The small size of the study population could have led to decreased power of the study to detect differences between cases and controls. The external validity of our results needs to be tested in different population groups involving larger sample sizes.
背景：性传播感染（STIs）是发展中国家的一个主要公共卫生问题。识别风险因素有助于制定有效的应对策略。本研究在印度北部的一家三级护理医院进行，为期1年，以确定与性传播感染相关的风险因素。 材料与方法：开展了一项基于问卷的横断面病例对照研究，参与者回答了有关人口统计学细节、性行为和性传播感染知晓情况的问题。病例为性传播感染患者，而对照则是从陪同我院非性病患者前来就诊的健康个体中随机选取。 结果：共有106例病例和64例对照。性传播感染患者的首次性行为比对照早2年。与对照相比，性传播感染病例中受教育程度较低、有多个性伴侣、与伴侣分居、有非固定性伴侣、上个月有过安全性行为、在酒精/违禁药物影响下发生性行为、在非正规场所发生性行为以及从事交易性性行为的比例更高（P<0.05）。更多病例知晓性传播感染的症状/预防措施（P<0.001）。多因素分析显示，多个性伴侣、在酒精/违禁药物影响下与非固定性伴侣发生性行为、上个月有过安全性行为以及对预防措施的知晓情况与性传播感染在统计学上相关（P<0.05）。 结论：我们的研究确定了性传播感染患者的风险行为模式，应加以改变以减轻这些疾病的负担。增加这些患者对性传播感染的了解可转化为更普遍地使用避孕套，这有助于加强基层性健康项目。 局限性：研究人群规模较小可能导致研究检测病例与对照之间差异的能力下降。我们结果的外部有效性需要在涉及更大样本量的不同人群组中进行检验。
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