The University of Kansas, School of Social Welfare, United States.
The University of Kansas, School of Social Welfare, United States.
Child Abuse Negl. 2017 Jul;69:72-84. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.03.007. Epub 2017 Apr 28.
Although low income status and parent alcohol misuse are considered critical risk factors for child neglect, little is known about the mechanisms of this association. No known research has assessed the parallel effect of each on occurrence of child neglect. This study aimed to explore the direct and indirect effects of parent alcohol misuse and low family income on risk of supervisory neglect through mediating factors such as parent depressive symptoms and low social support. The study used a sample of 2990 parents of children under 13 years old who completed a listed telephone survey conducted in 50 mid-sized cities within California during 2009. We used a structural equation model to estimate the direct and indirect effects of parent alcohol misuse (defined as heavy drinking frequency) and low family income on supervisory neglect toward a focal child, as well as the indirect effect via parental depressive symptoms and low social support. Mediation analysis to capture direct, indirect, and total effects of these two independent variables was also conducted. Results revealed a significant direct effect of low family income on likelihood of supervisory neglect. Low income also exhibited an indirect effect via increased depressive symptoms and low social support. Annual frequency of heavy drinking showed no direct effect on supervisory neglect likelihood, but an indirect effect was observed via increased depressive symptoms and decreased social support. Parent low income and high frequency heavy drinking likely increase risks for supervisory neglect through distinct pathways. Longitudinal research is needed to confirm the pathways identified within this study.
虽然低收入状况和父母酗酒被认为是儿童忽视的关键危险因素，但人们对这种关联的机制知之甚少。目前还没有研究评估每种因素对儿童忽视发生的平行影响。本研究旨在通过父母抑郁症状和低社会支持等中介因素，探讨父母酗酒和低收入家庭对监督忽视风险的直接和间接影响。该研究使用了 2009 年在加利福尼亚州 50 个中等城市进行的一项列名电话调查中完成调查的 2990 名 13 岁以下儿童的父母作为样本。我们使用结构方程模型来估计父母酗酒（定义为大量饮酒频率）和低收入家庭对监督忽视的直接和间接影响，以及通过父母抑郁症状和低社会支持的间接影响。还进行了中介分析，以捕捉这两个自变量的直接、间接和总效应。结果表明，低收入家庭对监督忽视的可能性有显著的直接影响。收入较低也通过增加抑郁症状和低社会支持产生间接影响。大量饮酒的年频率对监督忽视的可能性没有直接影响，但通过增加抑郁症状和降低社会支持产生了间接影响。父母低收入和大量饮酒可能通过不同的途径增加监督忽视的风险。需要进行纵向研究来证实本研究中确定的途径。
