Wang Yunsheng, Shahid Muhammad Qasim, Lin Shunquan, Chen Chengjie, Hu Chen
Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Creation of Horticultural Crop (Southern China), Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agriculrual University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
College of Environment and Life Science, Kaili University, Guizhou, 556011, China.
BMC Genomics. 2017 May 6;18(1):354. doi: 10.1186/s12864-017-3738-y.
The process of crop domestication has long been a major area of research to gain insights into the history of human civilization and to understand the process of evolution. Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) is one of the typical subtropical fruit trees, which was domesticated in China at least 2000 years ago. In the present study, we re-sequenced the genome of nine wild loquat accessions collected from wide geographical range and 10 representative cultivated loquat cultivars by using RAD-tag tacit to exploit the molecular footprints of domestication.
We obtained 26.4 Gb clean sequencing data from 19 loquat accessions, with an average of 32.64 M reads per genotype. We identified more than 80,000 SNPs distributed throughout the loquat genome. The SNP density and numbers were slightly higher in the wild loquat populations than that in the cultivated populations. All cultivars were clustered together by structure, phylogenetic and PCA analyses.
The modern loquat cultivars have experienced a non-significant genetic bottleneck during domestication, and originated from a single domesticated event. Moreover, our study revealed that Hubei province of China is probably the origin center of cultivated loquat.
作物驯化过程长期以来一直是一个重要的研究领域，有助于深入了解人类文明史和进化过程。枇杷（Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.）是典型的亚热带果树之一，至少在2000年前就在中国被驯化。在本研究中，我们利用RAD标签技术对从广泛地理区域收集的9份野生枇杷种质和10份代表性栽培枇杷品种的基因组进行了重测序，以探寻驯化的分子印记。
我们从19份枇杷种质中获得了26.4 Gb的 clean 测序数据，每个基因型平均有32.64 M条 reads。我们在整个枇杷基因组中鉴定出超过80,000个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。野生枇杷群体中的SNP密度和数量略高于栽培群体。通过结构、系统发育和主成分分析（PCA），所有品种都聚类在一起。
现代枇杷品种在驯化过程中经历了不显著的遗传瓶颈，并且起源于单一的驯化事件。此外，我们的研究表明中国湖北省可能是栽培枇杷的起源中心。
