Dassen Sigrid, Cortois Roeland, Martens Henk, de Hollander Mattias, Kowalchuk George A, van der Putten Wim H, De Deyn Gerlinde B
Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, NIOO KNAW, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Soil Quality, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Mol Ecol. 2017 Aug;26(15):4085-4098. doi: 10.1111/mec.14175. Epub 2017 Jun 2.
Plants are known to influence belowground microbial community structure along their roots, but the impacts of plant species richness and plant functional group (FG) identity on microbial communities in the bulk soil are still not well understood. Here, we used 454-pyrosequencing to analyse the soil microbial community composition in a long-term biodiversity experiment at Jena, Germany. We examined responses of bacteria, fungi, archaea, and protists to plant species richness (communities varying from 1 to 60 sown species) and plant FG identity (grasses, legumes, small herbs, tall herbs) in bulk soil. We hypothesized that plant species richness and FG identity would alter microbial community composition and have a positive impact on microbial species richness. Plant species richness had a marginal positive effect on the richness of fungi, but we observed no such effect on bacteria, archaea and protists. Plant species richness also did not have a large impact on microbial community composition. Rather, abiotic soil properties partially explained the community composition of bacteria, fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), archaea and protists. Plant FG richness did not impact microbial community composition; however, plant FG identity was more effective. Bacterial richness was highest in legume plots and lowest in small herb plots, and AMF and archaeal community composition in legume plant communities was distinct from that in communities composed of other plant FGs. We conclude that soil microbial community composition in bulk soil is influenced more by changes in plant FG composition and abiotic soil properties, than by changes in plant species richness per se.
众所周知，植物会影响其根系周围的地下微生物群落结构，但植物物种丰富度和植物功能群（FG）特性对土壤微生物群落的影响仍未得到充分了解。在此，我们利用454焦磷酸测序技术，对德国耶拿一项长期生物多样性实验中的土壤微生物群落组成进行了分析。我们研究了细菌、真菌、古菌和原生生物对土壤中植物物种丰富度（群落中播种物种从1种到60种不等）和植物FG特性（禾本科植物、豆科植物、小型草本植物、大型草本植物）的响应。我们假设植物物种丰富度和FG特性会改变微生物群落组成，并对微生物物种丰富度产生积极影响。植物物种丰富度对真菌的丰富度有微弱的积极影响，但我们未观察到对细菌、古菌和原生生物有此类影响。植物物种丰富度对微生物群落组成也没有很大影响。相反，非生物土壤特性部分解释了细菌、真菌、丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）、古菌和原生生物的群落组成。植物FG丰富度并未影响微生物群落组成；然而，植物FG特性更具影响力。细菌丰富度在豆科植物地块中最高，在小型草本植物地块中最低，豆科植物群落中的AMF和古菌群落组成与由其他植物FG组成的群落不同。我们得出结论，土壤微生物群落组成更多地受到植物FG组成和非生物土壤特性变化的影响，而非植物物种丰富度本身的变化。
