State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Dec 1;599-600:1073-1081. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.060. Epub 2017 May 12.
Decabromodiphenyl ether (decaBDE) is a highly brominated flame retardant that recent studies have identified as a potential persistent organic pollutant. Large amounts of decaBDE have been consumed and released in the environment in China, while no emission inventory has been available until now. In this study, a substance flow analysis was applied to establish the emission inventory of decaBDE in China from 1982 (the first year of decaBDE production in China) until 2013 based on activity data, transfer coefficients, and emission factors. The results show that the stock of decaBDE continually increased, reaching a peak of 290,000tons in 2007. The annual processing capacity of decaBDE also increased, and the processing capacity in 2013 was 49,000tons. Historical accumulative emissions were estimated to be 313.3tons from 1982 to 2013, and the annual emissions peaked in 2003 at 27.5tons. On average, decaBDE processing was the major source (58.4%) of total emissions, followed by treatment, production, and usage processes. From 1982 to 2013, decaBDE was released mainly into water sources, accounting for 50.7% of the accumulative emissions. At the provincial level, Guangdong, Shandong, and Zhejiang provinces were the largest producers in China. Simulations produced by the level III fugacity model showed that the projected concentration was very consistent with the measured value. The stock of decaBDE in the soil and sediment phases accounted for 99.8% of the total stock, and the transfer among the four environmental phases occurred mainly at the atmosphere-soil interface.
十溴二苯醚（decaBDE）是一种高度溴化的阻燃剂，最近的研究已经将其确定为一种潜在的持久性有机污染物。在中国，大量的十溴二苯醚已经被消耗和释放到环境中，但到目前为止还没有排放清单。本研究应用物质流分析方法，根据活动数据、转移系数和排放因子，建立了 1982 年（中国生产十溴二苯醚的第一年）至 2013 年中国十溴二苯醚排放清单。结果表明，十溴二苯醚的存量持续增加，2007 年达到 29 万吨的峰值。十溴二苯醚的年加工能力也在增加，2013 年的加工能力为 4.9 万吨。据估计，1982 年至 2013 年历史累积排放量为 313.3 吨，2003 年排放量达到峰值，为 27.5 吨。平均而言，十溴二苯醚加工是总排放量的主要来源（58.4%），其次是处理、生产和使用过程。1982 年至 2013 年，十溴二苯醚主要释放到水源中，占累积排放量的 50.7%。在省级层面，广东、山东和浙江是中国最大的生产省份。三级逸度模型的模拟结果表明，预测浓度与实测值非常吻合。土壤和沉积物相中的十溴二苯醚存量占总存量的 99.8%，四个环境相之间的转移主要发生在大气-土壤界面。
