Rash J E, Walrond J P, Morita M
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523.
J Electron Microsc Tech. 1988 Oct;10(2):153-85. doi: 10.1002/jemt.1060100204.
Because vertebrate neuromuscular junctions are readily accessible for experimental manipulation, they have provided a superb model in which to examine and test functional correlates of chemical synaptic transmission. In the neuromuscular synapse, acetylcholine receptors have been localized to the crests of the junctional folds and visualized by a variety of ultrastructural techniques. By using ultrarapid freezing techniques with a temporal resolution of less than 1 msec, quantal transmitter release has been correlated with synaptic vesicle exocytosis at discrete sites called "active zones." Mechanisms for synaptic vesicle membrane retrieval and recycling have been identified by using immunological approaches and correlated with endocytosis via coated pits and coated vesicles. In this review, available ultrastructural, physiological, immunological, and biochemical data have been used to construct an ultrastructural model of neuromuscular synaptic transmission that correlates structure and function at the molecular level.
由于脊椎动物的神经肌肉接头易于进行实验操作，它们提供了一个极好的模型，可用于研究和测试化学突触传递的功能相关性。在神经肌肉突触中，乙酰胆碱受体已定位在突触褶皱的嵴上，并通过多种超微结构技术得以可视化。通过使用时间分辨率小于1毫秒的超快速冷冻技术，已将量子递质释放与称为“活性区”的离散位点处的突触小泡胞吐作用相关联。通过使用免疫学方法确定了突触小泡膜回收和再循环的机制，并将其与通过被膜小窝和被膜小泡的内吞作用相关联。在这篇综述中，已利用现有的超微结构、生理学、免疫学和生化数据构建了一个神经肌肉突触传递的超微结构模型，该模型在分子水平上关联了结构与功能。
