Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721; email:
Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721.
Annu Rev Biophys. 2017 May 22;46:379-410. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-070816-033843.
Membrane lipids and cellular water (soft matter) are becoming increasingly recognized as key determinants of protein structure and function. Their influences can be ascribed to modulation of the bilayer properties or to specific binding and allosteric regulation of protein activity. In this review, we first consider hydrophobic matching of the intramembranous proteolipid boundary to explain the conformational changes and oligomeric states of proteins within the bilayer. Alternatively, membranes can be viewed as complex fluids, whose properties are linked to key biological functions. Critical behavior and nonideal mixing of the lipids have been proposed to explain how raft-like microstructures involving cholesterol affect membrane protein activity. Furthermore, the persistence length for lipid-protein interactions suggests the curvature force field of the membrane comes into play. A flexible surface model describes how curvature and hydrophobic forces lead to the emergence of new protein functional states within the membrane lipid bilayer.
膜脂和细胞水（软物质）正越来越被认为是决定蛋白质结构和功能的关键因素。它们的影响可以归因于双层性质的调节，或者是蛋白质活性的特异性结合和变构调节。在这篇综述中，我们首先考虑跨膜蛋白边界的疏水性匹配，以解释双层内蛋白质的构象变化和寡聚状态。或者，可以将膜视为复杂的流体，其性质与关键的生物学功能相关。已经提出了脂质的临界行为和非理想混合，以解释涉及胆固醇的筏样微结构如何影响膜蛋白的活性。此外，脂质-蛋白质相互作用的持久长度表明膜的曲率力场开始起作用。一个灵活的表面模型描述了曲率和疏水作用力如何导致新的蛋白质功能状态在膜脂双层中出现。
