Pharmacotherapy for cavernous malformations.

Cerebral cavernous malformations, vascular abnormalities comprised of endothelial cells in the absence of connective tissue or muscle, are often epileptogenic and often treated initially with antiepileptic drugs. This chapter discusses the role of pharmacotherapy in managing focal epilepsy secondary to cavernous malformations in adults, children, and pregnant women. Several drugs are available and potentially efficacious in suppressing seizures stemming from cavernous malformations. In addition, antiepileptic pharmacotherapy following surgical resection is indicated to decrease the risk of postoperative seizures. Finally, potential novel therapeutics targeting cavernous malformations are discussed.