Bibbo Giovanni
SA Medical Imaging, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 2018 Feb;62(1):43-50. doi: 10.1111/1754-9485.12628. Epub 2017 Jun 5.
In the paediatric medical radiation setting, there is no consistency on the radiation risk information conveyed to the consumer (patient/carer). Each communicator may convey different information about the level of risk for the same radiation procedure, leaving the consumer confused and frustrated. There is a need to standardise risks resulting from medical radiation exposures. In this study, paediatric radiographic, fluoroscopic, CT and nuclear medicine examination data have been analysed to provide (i) effective doses and radiation induced cancer risk factors from common radiological and nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures in standardised formats, (ii) awareness of the difficulties that may be encountered in communicating risks to the layperson, and (iii) an overview of the deleterious effects of ionising radiation so that the risk communicator can convey with confidence the risks resulting from medical radiation exposures.
Paediatric patient dose data from general radiographic, computed tomography, fluoroscopic and nuclear medicine databases have been analysed in age groups 0 to <5 years, 5 to <10 years, 10 to <15 years and 15 to <18 years to determine standardised risk factors.
Mean, minimum and maximum effective doses and the corresponding mean lifetime risks for general radiographic, fluoroscopic, CT and nuclear medicine examinations for different age groups have been calculated. For all examinations, the mean lifetime cancer induction risk is provided in three formats: statistical, fraction and category.
Standardised risk factors for different radiological and nuclear medicine examinations and an overview of the deleterious effects of ionising radiation and the difficulties encountered in communicating the risks should facilitate risk communication to the patient/carer.
在儿科医学放射领域，向消费者（患者/护理人员）传达的辐射风险信息并不一致。对于相同的放射程序，每个传达者可能会传达不同的风险水平信息，这让消费者感到困惑和沮丧。有必要对医疗辐射暴露所产生的风险进行标准化。在本研究中，对儿科X射线摄影、荧光透视、CT和核医学检查数据进行了分析，以提供：（i）以标准化格式呈现的常见放射学和核医学诊断程序的有效剂量及辐射诱发癌症的风险因素；（ii）认识到在向非专业人士传达风险时可能遇到的困难；（iii）概述电离辐射的有害影响，以便风险传达者能够自信地传达医疗辐射暴露所产生的风险。
对0至<5岁、5至<10岁、10至<15岁和15至<18岁年龄组的普通X射线摄影、计算机断层扫描、荧光透视和核医学数据库中的儿科患者剂量数据进行分析，以确定标准化风险因素。
计算了不同年龄组普通X射线摄影、荧光透视、CT和核医学检查的平均、最小和最大有效剂量以及相应的平均终生风险。对于所有检查，平均终生癌症诱发风险以三种格式提供：统计格式、分数格式和类别格式。
不同放射学和核医学检查的标准化风险因素，以及电离辐射有害影响的概述和传达风险时遇到的困难，应有助于向患者/护理人员进行风险沟通。
