Sperandeo Marco, Trovato Francesca Maria, Melillo Nadia, Dimitri Lucia, Musumeci Giuseppe, Guglielmi Giuseppe
Unit of Intervenional Ultrasound of Internal Medicine, Scientific Institute Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine Division, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
Eur J Radiol. 2017 May;90:234-244. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2017.02.042. Epub 2017 Mar 10.
Ultrasonography (US) is a readily available non-invasive tool useful for the detection of musculoskeletal and soft tissue masses. Although X-Ray is often the first imaging study for evaluating both bone and soft tissue lesions, and magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are mandatory in lesions staging, US is increasingly used for the early assessment of musculoskeletal and soft-tissue masses and for guiding procedures and biopsies. Surgical biopsy or fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is needed to ascertain the nature of any lesion. FNAB is a low cost technique, safer and less traumatic than an open surgical biopsy. Significant complications are rare, mostly related to the site of biopsy. Knowledge of indications, limitations, anatomical and pathological access, adequate technical expertise in US imaging and in intervention skills are the critical factors of the appropriate and safe use of FNAB. By now, the role of FNAB in musculoskeletal diseases is controversial and there is still a heated debate in the scientific community.
超声检查（US）是一种易于获得的非侵入性工具，可用于检测肌肉骨骼和软组织肿块。尽管X射线通常是评估骨骼和软组织病变的首选影像学检查，而磁共振成像和计算机断层扫描在病变分期中是必不可少的，但超声检查越来越多地用于肌肉骨骼和软组织肿块的早期评估以及指导手术和活检。需要进行手术活检或细针穿刺活检（FNAB）来确定任何病变的性质。FNAB是一种低成本技术，比开放手术活检更安全、创伤更小。严重并发症很少见，主要与活检部位有关。了解适应症、局限性、解剖和病理途径、超声成像和干预技能方面足够的技术专长是正确和安全使用FNAB的关键因素。到目前为止，FNAB在肌肉骨骼疾病中的作用存在争议，科学界仍在进行激烈辩论。
