糖尿病患者的乙肝疫苗接种率：种族和社会经济差异评估

Hepatitis B Vaccination Rate in Patients with Diabetes: Assessment of Racial and Socioeconomic Disparity.

作者信息

Aytaman Ayse, Ojike Nwakile, Zizi Samantha, Pandi-Perumal S R, Lukolic Ismet, Bhanvadia Amit, Nwamaghinna Felix, Kamran Haroon, Akivis Alla, Bankole Olusegun, Salifu Moro O, McFarlane Samy I

机构信息

VA NY Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY, USA.

Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, USA.

出版信息

Int J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;2(1):024-27. Epub 2016 Dec 30.

PMID:28638894

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5476310/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Less hygienic use of blood glucose monitoring equipment such as blood glucose meters, lancets, finger stick devices or other diabetes-care equipment such as syringes or insulin pens by self-administration often exposes the diabetic patient to Hepatitis B infection. This study evaluates hepatitis B vaccination among individuals with diabetes.

METHODS

The study used data from the 2000-2013 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Vaccination rates among adult individuals with diabetes of various ethnic backgrounds was accessed and compared using chis-square tests. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to compare factors affecting hepatitis B vaccination among individuals with diabetes.

RESULTS

The crude rate of diabetes in this population was 5.4%. The rate of vaccination among individuals with diabetes differed across racial groups (Asians 31.8% vs. blacks 30.7%; and whites 26.5%; p<0.01). After multivariate regression, the leading factors affecting hepatitis B vaccination included Age (40-60 years) (OR=0.51, 95% CI=0.47-0.57, p<0.01), lack of college education (OR=0.71,95% CI=0.64-0.79, p<0.01), foreign birth (OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.72-0.95, p<0.01), and Hispanic ethnicity (OR=0.88, 95% CI=0.78-1.00, P<0.05).

CONCLUSION

Social and economic factors-education, insurance status, age, poverty level, and place of birth affect rates of vaccination among individuals with diabetes.

摘要

引言

血糖监测设备（如血糖仪、采血针、手指采血装置）或其他糖尿病护理设备（如注射器或胰岛素笔）自我使用时卫生状况欠佳，这常常使糖尿病患者面临感染乙型肝炎的风险。本研究评估糖尿病患者的乙型肝炎疫苗接种情况。

方法

本研究使用了2000 - 2013年美国国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）的数据。通过卡方检验获取并比较不同种族背景的成年糖尿病患者的疫苗接种率。使用多变量逻辑回归模型比较影响糖尿病患者乙型肝炎疫苗接种的因素。

结果

该人群中糖尿病的粗发病率为5.4%。糖尿病患者的疫苗接种率在不同种族群体中存在差异（亚洲人为31.8%，黑人为30.7%，白人为26.5%；p<0.01）。多变量回归后，影响乙型肝炎疫苗接种的主要因素包括年龄（40 - 60岁）（比值比=0.51，95%置信区间=0.47 - 0.57，p<0.01）、未接受大学教育（比值比=0.71，95%置信区间=0.64 - 0.79，p<0.01）、国外出生（比值比=0.83，95%置信区间=0.72 - 0.95，p<0.01）以及西班牙裔种族（比值比=0.88，95%置信区间=0.78 - 1.00，P<0.05）。