Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Animal Physiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Biol Reprod. 2017 Aug 1;97(2):197-216. doi: 10.1093/biolre/iox063.
In the dog, there is no luteolysis in the absence of pregnancy. Thus, this species lacks any anti-luteolytic endocrine signal as found in other species that modulate uterine function during the critical period of pregnancy establishment. Nevertheless, in the dog an embryo-maternal communication must occur in order to prevent rejection of embryos. Based on this hypothesis, we performed microarray analysis of canine uterine samples collected during pre-attachment phase (days 10-12) and in corresponding non-pregnant controls, in order to elucidate the embryo attachment signal. An additional goal was to identify differences in uterine responses to pre-attachment embryos between dogs and other mammalian species exhibiting different reproductive patterns with regard to luteolysis, implantation, and preparation for placentation. Therefore, the canine microarray data were compared with gene sets from pigs, cattle, horses, and humans. We found 412 genes differentially regulated between the two experimental groups. The functional terms most strongly enriched in response to pre-attachment embryos related to extracellular matrix function and remodeling, and to immune and inflammatory responses. Several candidate genes were validated by semi-quantitative PCR. When compared with other species, best matches were found with human and equine counterparts. Especially for the pig, the majority of overlapping genes showed opposite expression patterns. Interestingly, 1926 genes did not pair with any of the other gene sets. Using a microarray approach, we report the uterine changes in the dog driven by the presence of embryos and compare these results with datasets from other mammalian species, finding common-, contrary-, and exclusively canine-regulated genes.
在没有怀孕的情况下，狗体内不会发生黄体溶解。因此，这种物种缺乏其他物种在妊娠建立的关键时期调节子宫功能的任何抗黄体溶解内分泌信号。然而，为了防止胚胎被排斥，狗体内必须发生胚胎-母体的通讯。基于这一假设，我们对在附植前阶段（第 10-12 天）采集的犬子宫样本和相应的非妊娠对照进行了微阵列分析，以阐明胚胎附着信号。另一个目标是确定犬子宫对附植前胚胎的反应与其他表现出黄体溶解、着床和胎盘形成准备方面不同生殖模式的哺乳动物物种之间的差异。因此，将犬微阵列数据与来自猪、牛、马和人的基因集进行了比较。我们发现两个实验组之间有 412 个基因差异表达。与对附植前胚胎的反应最密切相关的功能术语与细胞外基质的功能和重塑以及免疫和炎症反应有关。通过半定量 PCR 验证了几个候选基因。与其他物种相比，与人类和马的对应物的匹配最好。特别是对于猪，大多数重叠基因显示出相反的表达模式。有趣的是，1926 个基因与其他基因集没有任何匹配。使用微阵列方法，我们报告了狗体内由胚胎存在引起的子宫变化，并将这些结果与来自其他哺乳动物物种的数据集进行了比较，发现了共同的、相反的和特有的犬调控基因。
