Baretta D, Nardino M, Carvalho I R, de Pelegrin A J, Ferrari M, Szareski V J, Barros W S, de Souza V Q, de Oliveira A C, da Maia L C
Centro de Genômica e Fitomelhoramento, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brasil.
Departamento de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brasil
Genet Mol Res. 2017 Jun 20;16(2):gmr-16-02-gmr.16029715. doi: 10.4238/gmr16029715.
The REML/BLUP statistics are analyses that can be used as selective criteria in the routine of maize breeding programs. The present study aims to determine the genetic potential in crosses of landrace populations applying the REML/BLUP methodology, and to identify populations for the synthesis of new populations and intrapopulation selection for family farming systems, as well as genetic constitutions for use in maize breeding programs. Nine top cross hybrids obtained in the 2012/2013 harvest were evaluated along with their testator, the landraces used as parents, and four commercial hybrids, in a randomized block design, with information taken from the average of each plot. The evaluated traits were: leaf angle, number of ramifications of the tassel, spike insertion height, plant height, spike diameter, number of grains per spike, mass of grains per spike, spike mass, spike length, prolificity, mass of one hundred grains, and grain yield per plot. The data were analyzed using the Selegen-REML/BLUP software. The top cross hybrids Cateto Branco x Planalto, Amarelão x Planalto and the population Cateto Branco are ranked among the ten best crosses, simultaneously, for the traits: leaf angle, number of ramifications of the tassel, spike insertion height, and plant height (Cateto Branco x Planalto), and leaf angle, spike insertion height, and plant height (Amarelão x Planalto and Cateto Branco). The top cross hybrids Criolão x Planalto, Branco 8 Carreiras x Planalto, Caiano Rajado x Planalto, Amarelão x Planalto, Branco Roxo Índio x Planalto stand out for their high genotypic value of the individual BLUP mean components among the ten best genotypes for grain yield, and by combining three or more traits of interest together, being, for effects of selection, the most indicated.
限制最大似然法/最佳线性无偏预测法（REML/BLUP）统计分析可作为玉米育种计划常规操作中的选择标准。本研究旨在运用REML/BLUP方法确定地方品种群体杂交中的遗传潜力，识别用于合成新群体和家庭农业系统群体内选择的群体，以及用于玉米育种计划的遗传组成。在2012/2013收获季获得的九个顶交杂种与其供体亲本地方品种以及四个商业杂种一起，采用随机区组设计进行评估，数据取自每个小区的平均值。评估的性状有：叶夹角、雄穗分枝数、穗位高、株高、穗直径、每穗粒数、每穗粒重、穗重、穗长、多穗性、百粒重和小区产量。数据使用Selegen-REML/BLUP软件进行分析。顶交杂种白卡泰托×高原、黄卡泰托×高原和群体白卡泰托，同时在叶夹角、雄穗分枝数、穗位高和株高（白卡泰托×高原），以及叶夹角、穗位高和株高（黄卡泰托×高原和白卡泰托）等性状方面位列十个最佳杂交组合之中。顶交杂种克里奥朗×高原、白8卡里拉斯×高原、卡亚诺拉贾多×高原、黄卡泰托×高原、紫印度白×高原在产量最高的十个基因型中，其个体BLUP均值成分的基因型值较高，并且通过将三个或更多感兴趣的性状组合在一起，从选择效果来看，是最值得推荐的。
