Grimm Imke, Garben Nina, Dreier Jens, Knabbe Cornelius, Vollmer Tanja
Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
PLoS One. 2017 Jul 3;12(7):e0180044. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180044. eCollection 2017.
Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus (S. gallolyticus) is a pathogen of infective endocarditis. It was observed previously that this bacterium survives longer in macrophages than other species and the phagocytic uptake by and survival in THP-1 macrophages is strain-dependent.
The phagocytosis assay was performed with THP-1 macrophages. S. gallolyticus specific whole genome microarrays were used for transcriptome analysis.
Better survival in macrophages was observed for UCN34, BAA-2069 and ATCC43143 than for DSM16831 and LMG17956. S. gallolyticus strains show high resistance to tested bactericidal agents (acid, lysozyme and hydrogen peroxide). S. gallolyticus stimulates significant lower cytokine gene expression and causes less lysis of macrophages compared to the control strain Staphylococcus aureus. S. gallolyticus reacts to oxidative burst with a higher gene expression of NADH oxidase initially at the early phase. Expression of genes involved in D-alanylation of teichoic acid, carbohydrate metabolism and transport systems were upregulated thereafter.
S. gallolyticus is very resistant to bactericidal agents normally causing degradation of bacteria in phagolysosomes. Additionally, the D-alanylation of teichoic acid is an important factor for survival.
解脲脲原体亚种解脲脲原体（S. gallolyticus）是感染性心内膜炎的病原体。此前观察到，这种细菌在巨噬细胞中的存活时间比其他物种更长，并且THP-1巨噬细胞对其吞噬摄取和存活情况存在菌株依赖性。
用THP-1巨噬细胞进行吞噬试验。使用解脲脲原体特异性全基因组微阵列进行转录组分析。
观察到UCN34、BAA-2069和ATCC43143在巨噬细胞中的存活情况优于DSM16831和LMG17956。解脲脲原体菌株对测试的杀菌剂（酸、溶菌酶和过氧化氢）表现出高抗性。与对照菌株金黄色葡萄球菌相比，解脲脲原体刺激的细胞因子基因表达显著降低，对巨噬细胞的裂解作用也较小。解脲脲原体在早期对氧化爆发的反应是NADH氧化酶的基因表达较高。此后，参与磷壁酸D-丙氨酰化、碳水化合物代谢和转运系统的基因表达上调。
解脲脲原体对通常导致吞噬溶酶体中细菌降解的杀菌剂具有很强的抗性。此外，磷壁酸的D-丙氨酰化是其存活的一个重要因素。
