McIntyre T D, Alpern H P
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1985;87(4):379-89. doi: 10.1007/BF00432499.
This paper reviews the findings and conclusions of the literature pertinent to the Long-Sleep and Short-Sleep selectively-bred lines of mice and challenges the widely-held notion that the selective breeding program was successful in separating alleles for specific sensitivities to just alcohol. Rather, it is argued that these lines of mice were selected for differing activity of a more general process. Recent evidence, as well as reevaluated previous evidence, indicates that Long-Sleep mice are more sensitive to the soporific effects of three major classes of CNS depressants (alcohols, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines), as well as many other anesthesia-inducing compounds (adenosine, chloral hydrate, trichloroethanol, paraldehyde, nitrous oxide, enflurane, and isoflurane). Further, much evidence also supports the conclusion that most of these hypnotic-depressants and anesthetics could exert their soporific influence by a potentiation of GABA activity. The other characteristic of interest in this regard is susceptibility to convulsions. Short-Sleep mice have significantly lower thresholds to both flurothyl-induced and bicuculline-induced convulsions, as well as being more likely to suffer from paroxysms during ethanol withdrawal.
本文回顾了与长睡眠和短睡眠选择性培育品系小鼠相关的文献研究结果和结论，并对一种广泛持有的观点提出了质疑，即选择性育种计划成功地分离出了仅对酒精具有特定敏感性的等位基因。相反，有人认为这些品系的小鼠是根据一个更普遍过程的不同活性来选择的。近期证据以及重新评估的先前证据表明，长睡眠小鼠对三类主要的中枢神经系统抑制剂（酒精、巴比妥类药物和苯二氮䓬类药物）以及许多其他麻醉诱导化合物（腺苷、水合氯醛、三氯乙醇、副醛、一氧化二氮、恩氟烷和异氟烷）的催眠作用更为敏感。此外，许多证据也支持这样的结论，即大多数这些催眠性抑制剂和麻醉剂可能通过增强GABA活性来发挥其催眠作用。在这方面另一个有趣的特征是对惊厥的易感性。短睡眠小鼠对氟代乙酰胺诱导的惊厥和荷包牡丹碱诱导的惊厥的阈值显著更低，并且在乙醇戒断期间更有可能出现发作。
