Moray House School of Education, Holyrood Road, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghuadong Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Public Health, 140 Decatur Street, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2018 Jan;75:6-28. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.06.021. Epub 2017 Jul 12.
This is the first study to estimate the association globally between violence in childhood on educational outcomes, addressing a significant gap in the current evidence base. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were conducted to identify 67 and 43 studies respectively from 21 countries to estimate the relationship between different types of violence in childhood on educational outcomes including school dropout/graduation, school absence, academic achievement and other educational outcomes such as grade retention, learning outcomes and remedial classes. Findings show that all forms of violence in childhood have a significant impact on educational outcomes. Children who have experienced any form of violence in childhood have a 13% predicted probability that they will not graduate from school. Males who are bullied are nearly three times more likely to be absent from school and girls who have experienced sexual violence have a three-fold increased risk of being absent, AOR 2.912, 95% CI (0.904-4.92) and AOR 3.147, 95% CI (0.033-4.57) respectively. Violence in childhood also has a significant impact on children's academic achievement on standardized tests. This study shows how different forms of violence in childhood contribute to inequalities in education-for both boys and girls and that an increased investment in prevention is needed in order to meet the global Sustainable Development Goals of ending violence, raising learning outcomes and creating safe, non-violent and inclusive learning environments. More work is also needed to further define, monitor and measure the link between violence in childhood and educational outcomes in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
这是第一项在全球范围内评估儿童期暴力对教育成果影响的研究,填补了当前证据基础的重大空白。系统评价和荟萃分析分别从 21 个国家中确定了 67 项和 43 项研究,以评估儿童期不同类型的暴力对教育成果的关系,包括辍学/毕业、缺课、学业成绩和其他教育成果,如留级、学习成果和补习班。研究结果表明,儿童期的所有形式的暴力都对教育成果有重大影响。经历过任何形式的儿童期暴力的儿童,其无法从学校毕业的预测概率为 13%。遭受欺凌的男童更有可能缺课,而遭受性暴力的女童缺课的风险增加了三倍,比值比(AOR)分别为 2.912(95%置信区间(CI)为 0.904-4.92)和 3.147(95%CI 为 0.033-4.57)。儿童期暴力也对儿童在标准化测试中的学业成绩有重大影响。这项研究表明,儿童期的不同形式的暴力如何导致教育不平等——对男孩和女孩都是如此,需要增加预防投资,以实现全球可持续发展目标,即消除暴力、提高学习成果和创造安全、非暴力和包容的学习环境。还需要做更多的工作来进一步定义、监测和衡量儿童期暴力与教育成果之间的联系,以实现可持续发展目标。