官方比赛的工作量、运输净成本以及马加拉加·马查多马在快步行走或碎步快走时的代谢功率。

Workload of official contests, net cost of transport, and metabolic power of Mangalarga Marchador horses of marcha batida or picada gaits.

作者信息

Lage J, Fonseca M G, de Barros G G M, Feringer-Júnior W H, Pereira G T, Ferraz G C

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 2017 Jun;95(6):2488-2495. doi: 10.2527/jas.2016.1270.

DOI:10.2527/jas.2016.1270

Abstract

This study aimed to characterize the maximum heart rate (HR) and the intensity of official marcha contests (OMC) and to compare the cost of transport (COT) and metabolic power (Pmet) of Mangalarga Marchador (MM) horses of marcha batida (MB) and marcha picada (MP) gaits. Twenty-two MM horses participated in this study. The experiment was conducted in 3 phases: 1) maximum effort test (MET), 2) OMC, and 3) standardized marcha test (SMT). To characterize the HR, 19 horses (14 MB and 5 MP) underwent a MET. Of those, 13 (9 MB and 4 MP) were monitored during the OMC, which consisted of 4 stages: marcha, walk, functional trial, and rest. The average heart rate (HR) in each stage of the OMC was related to the HR to determine their relative intensity. The SMT was performed with 14 horses (9 MB and 5 MP), of which 11 had already participated in the previous stages. The COT and Pmet were calculated from the HR values obtained during the SMT. Blood samples were collected to analyze plasma lactate concentration ([Lac]). One-way ANOVA or 1-way repeated-measures ANOVA followed by the Tukey's test ( < 0.05) were used to analyze the results. The average HR was 211 ± 11 and 214 ± 11 beats/min (bpm) for the MB and MP groups, respectively, with no difference ( = 0.7066) between them. The [Lac] increased as a result of the MET ( < 0.05), with no difference between groups ( > 0.05). This indicated that horses of both groups had the same physical fitness levels. The OMC stages defined in our study differed ( < 0.05) regarding the relative intensity of the HR, except for the walk and standing stages, which were similar ( = 0.0875). The MP group presented greater COT ( = 0.0247) and Pmet ( = 0.0193). It can be concluded that the mean HR of MM horses (MB and MP) is 212 ± 11 bpm. The OMC of the MM breed can be characterized as an effort of intermittent and submaximal intensity. In addition, the locomotion of the MB horses is probably more energetically efficient than that of MP horses.

摘要

本研究旨在描述最高心率（HR）以及官方马查多竞赛（OMC）的强度，并比较马查达（MB）步态和马查皮卡达（MP）步态的曼加拉萨马查多（MM）马的运输成本（COT）和代谢功率（Pmet）。22匹MM马参与了本研究。实验分三个阶段进行：1）最大努力测试（MET），2）OMC，3）标准化马查多测试（SMT）。为了描述HR，19匹马（14匹MB和5匹MP）进行了MET。其中，13匹马（9匹MB和4匹MP）在OMC期间接受监测，OMC包括四个阶段：马查多、行走、功能试验和休息。将OMC每个阶段的平均心率（HR）与HR相关联，以确定其相对强度。14匹马（9匹MB和5匹MP）进行了SMT，其中11匹马已经参与了前几个阶段。根据SMT期间获得的HR值计算COT和Pmet。采集血样以分析血浆乳酸浓度（[Lac]）。结果采用单因素方差分析或单因素重复测量方差分析，随后进行Tukey检验（<0.05）。MB组和MP组的平均HR分别为211±11和214±11次/分钟（bpm），两组之间无差异（=0.7066）。MET导致[Lac]升高（<0.05），组间无差异（>0.05）。这表明两组马的体能水平相同。除行走和站立阶段相似（=0.0875）外，我们研究中定义的OMC阶段在HR相对强度方面存在差异（<0.05）。MP组的COT（=0.0247）和Pmet（=0.0193）更高。可以得出结论，MM马（MB和MP）的平均HR为212±11 bpm。MM品种的OMC可被描述为间歇性和次最大强度的努力。此外，MB马的运动可能比MP马在能量上更有效。