Pediatric Xanthogranulomatous Cystitis: The First Described Case in a Pre-pubertal Male and Review of the Literature.

Xanthogranulomatous cystitis (XC) is a rare condition affecting the bladder thought to be caused by chronic inflammation. Fewer than 30 cases have been reported in the literature since being first described in 1932. We present the first reported case of XC in a pre-pubertal male and review the literature. A 10-year-old boy presenting with dysuria subsequently developed frequency. After failure of conservative management, an ultrasound of the bladder revealed a mass. The patient underwent partial cystectomy. Pathology showed XC. At 10 months postoperatively, the patient remained asymptomatic and without evidence of recurrence.