McNamara John, Griffin Patrick, Kinsella James, Phelan James
a Teagasc - Agriculture and Food Development Authority , Ireland.
b School of Agriculture and Food Science , University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland.
J Agromedicine. 2017;22(4):384-394. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2017.1356779.
This article describes levels of implementation of occupational health and safety (OHS) controls on a sample of Irish farms following completion of a risk assessment document (RAD) made available as part of a statutory code of practice (COP) for the agriculture sector. The article describes the legislation mandating the COP and the operation of a prevention initiative (PI) among key stakeholders to develop and promote farmer use of the COP and RAD.
RADs were collected for farmers (N = 475) and the number and type of OHS controls listed for action were tabulated. A farm audit of OHS standards and of implementation of controls listed for action in the RAD was undertaken among a randomly selected sample of farms (N = 94) where the RAD was completed.
The study data indicates that farmers used the RAD to a limited extent, and that their focus in its use was on identifying physical rather than organizational controls. An association was found between farmers who actively implemented controls and positive OHS standards. Farm OHS standards were also associated with farmer attitude to OHS, farm enterprise, farmer age category, and work time needed to operate the farm.
Overall, the study data suggests that standards of farm management are a crucial determinant of OHS standards. The study data also indicates that having knowledge of required OHS controls does not ensure implementation. Development of social learning in groups is considered as a significant means of increasing OHS farm adoption.
本文描述了在完成作为农业部门法定操作规范（COP）一部分提供的风险评估文件（RAD）之后，爱尔兰农场样本中职业健康与安全（OHS）控制措施的实施水平。本文介绍了强制实施该COP的立法以及关键利益相关者之间预防倡议（PI）的运作情况，以制定和促进农民使用COP和RAD。
收集了农民（N = 475）的RAD，并将列出要采取行动的OHS控制措施的数量和类型制成表格。在随机抽取的已完成RAD的农场样本（N = 94）中，对OHS标准以及RAD中列出要采取行动的控制措施的实施情况进行了农场审计。
研究数据表明，农民对RAD的使用程度有限，并且他们在使用RAD时侧重于识别物理控制而非组织控制。发现积极实施控制措施的农民与良好的OHS标准之间存在关联。农场OHS标准还与农民对OHS的态度、农场企业类型、农民年龄类别以及经营农场所需的工作时间有关。
总体而言，研究数据表明农场管理标准是OHS标准的关键决定因素。研究数据还表明，了解所需的OHS控制措施并不能确保其得到实施。群体社会学习的发展被认为是提高农场采用OHS的重要手段。
