Herrera-Gómez Antonio, De Luna-Bertos Elvira, Ramos-Torrecillas Javier, Ocaña-Peinado Francisco M, Ruiz Concepción, García-Martínez Olga
1 Hospital "San Juan de la Cruz"-Servicio Sanitario Público Andaluz, Jaén, Spain.
2 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Spain.
Clin Nurs Res. 2018 Sep;27(7):841-852. doi: 10.1177/1054773817722689. Epub 2017 Jul 28.
Epidural analgesia (EA) is one of the methods of choice for labor pain relief, but its adverse effects on the mother and child remain controversial. The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an association between the use of EA and different aspects of labor. The author(s) analyzed the effect of EA on different aspects of labor in a retrospective cohort observational study of deliveries in a public Spanish hospital during a 3-year period. Women with EA administration were found to increase the risk of stimulated labor, reduce the percentage of spontaneous deliveries, increase the risk of instrumental labor due to stalled labor or loss of fetal well-being, and increase the percentage of episiotomies. However, women with EA were not and increased risk for perineal laceration or the condition of the membranes at the delivery or with the type of placental expulsion. Thus, the administration of EA should be assessed in each case by the health care professional.
硬膜外镇痛（EA）是缓解分娩疼痛的首选方法之一，但其对母婴的不良影响仍存在争议。本研究的目的是确定EA的使用与分娩的不同方面之间是否存在关联。作者在一项回顾性队列观察研究中，分析了西班牙一家公立医院3年内分娩时EA对分娩不同方面的影响。结果发现，接受EA的女性增加了引产风险，降低了自然分娩的比例，增加了因产程停滞或胎儿状况不佳而进行器械助产的风险，以及增加了会阴切开术的比例。然而，接受EA的女性会阴撕裂风险、分娩时胎膜状况或胎盘娩出类型并未增加。因此，医疗保健专业人员应针对每个病例评估EA的使用情况。
