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耐旱品种能有效抑制寄生性杂草独脚金,并提高肯尼亚西部的谷物产量。

Drought-tolerant species effectively suppress parasitic striga weed and improve cereal grain yields in western Kenya.

作者信息

Midega Charles A O, Wasonga Charles J, Hooper Antony M, Pickett John A, Khan Zeyaur R

机构信息

International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.

Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.

出版信息

Crop Prot. 2017 Aug;98:94-101. doi: 10.1016/j.cropro.2017.03.018.

Abstract

The parasitic weed Benth. (Orobanchaceae), commonly known as striga, is an increasingly important constraint to cereal production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), often resulting in total yield losses in maize ( L.) and substantial losses in sorghum ( (L.) Moench). This is further aggravated by soil degradation and drought conditions that are gradually becoming widespread in SSA. Forage legumes in the genus (Fabaceae), mainly and , effectively control striga and improve crop productivity in SSA. However, negative effects of climate change such as drought stress is affecting the functioning of these systems. There is thus a need to identify and characterize new plants possessing the required ecological chemistry to protect crops against the biotic stress of striga under such environmental conditions. 17 accessions comprising 10 species of were screened for their drought stress tolerance and ability to suppress striga. and were selected as the most promising species as they retained their leaves and maintained leaf function for longer periods during their exposure to drought stress conditions. They also had desirable phenotypes with more above ground biomass. The two species suppressed striga infestation, both under controlled and field conditions, and resulted in significant grain yield increases, demonstrating the incremental capability of species in striga suppression. These results demonstrate beneficial effects of species in enhancing cereal productivity in dry areas.

摘要

寄生杂草列当属(列当科),俗称独脚金,对撒哈拉以南非洲(SSA)的谷物生产构成了日益严重的制约,常常导致玉米(玉米属)总产量损失,高粱(高粱属)大量减产。SSA地区土壤退化和干旱状况逐渐普遍,使这一情况更加恶化。豆科苜蓿属的饲用豆科植物,主要是紫花苜蓿和黄花苜蓿,能有效控制独脚金并提高SSA地区的作物生产力。然而,气候变化的负面影响,如干旱胁迫,正在影响这些系统的功能。因此,有必要识别和鉴定具有所需生态化学特性的新植物,以便在这种环境条件下保护作物免受独脚金的生物胁迫。对包含10个苜蓿属物种的17份种质进行了干旱胁迫耐受性和抑制独脚金能力的筛选。紫花苜蓿和黄花苜蓿被选为最有前景的物种,因为它们在干旱胁迫条件下能更长时间地保留叶片并维持叶片功能。它们还具有理想的表型,地上生物量更多。这两个物种在控制条件和田间条件下均能抑制独脚金侵染,并使谷物产量显著增加,证明了苜蓿属物种在抑制独脚金方面的增强能力。这些结果证明了苜蓿属物种在提高干旱地区谷物生产力方面的有益作用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e932/5465939/a5c2adf501b6/gr1.jpg

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