Morris M R J, Petrovitch E, Bowles E, Jamniczky H A, Rogers S M
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada.
McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
J Fish Biol. 2017 Aug;91(2):645-663. doi: 10.1111/jfb.13379.
Coastal marine Gasterosteus aculeatus were captured from seven locations along the Pacific coast of North America, ranging across 21·8° latitude to test Jordan's rule, i.e. that vertebral number should increase with increasing latitude for related populations of fish. Vertebral number significantly increased with increasing latitude for both total and caudal vertebral number. Increasing length with latitude (sensu Bergmann's rule) was also supported, but the predictions for Jordan's rule held when controlling for standard length. Pleomerism was weakly evidenced. Gasterosteus aculeatus exhibited sexual dimorphism for Jordan's rule, with both sexes having more vertebrae at higher latitudes, but only males showing a positive association between latitude and the ratio of caudal to abdominal vertebrae. The number of dorsal- and anal-fin rays and basals increased with increasing latitude, while pectoral-fin ray number decreased. This study reinforces the association between phenotypic variation and environmental variation in marine populations of G. aculeatus.
沿海海洋三刺鱼从北美太平洋沿岸的七个地点捕获，跨越21.8°纬度，以检验乔丹法则，即相关鱼类种群的脊椎骨数量应随纬度增加而增加。总脊椎骨数和尾椎骨数均随纬度增加而显著增加。随着纬度增加体长增加（符合伯格曼法则）这一情况也得到了支持，但在控制标准体长后，乔丹法则的预测依然成立。多节现象的证据较弱。三刺鱼在乔丹法则方面表现出性别二态性，两性在较高纬度地区都有更多的脊椎骨，但只有雄性在纬度与尾椎骨与腹椎骨比例之间呈现正相关。背鳍和臀鳍的鳍条数量及基部数量随纬度增加而增加，而胸鳍鳍条数量减少。本研究强化了三刺鱼海洋种群表型变异与环境变异之间的关联。
